WORDS AND PHRASES 467 



Boom Stick. A timber which forms part of a boom. 



Bottle Butted. See swell butted. 



Bottom Sill. See mudsill. 



Brail. A section of a log raft, six of which make an 

 average tow. 



Brake Sled. A logging sled so constructed that, when 

 the pole team holds back, a heavy iron on the side of 

 each runner of the forward sled is forced into the 

 roadbed. 



Brand. See mark. 



Break Out. 1. To start a sled whose runners are 

 frozen to the ground. 2. To open a logging road 

 after heavy snowfall. 



Breasthigh. At or having a height of 4 % feet above 

 the ground. 



Breastwork Log. See fender skid. 



Briar. A crosscut saw. 



Bridle. A device for controlling the speed of logs on 

 a skid road. It consists of a short rope with two 

 hooks at one end, which are driven into the first log 

 of the turn; at the other end is a clamp which runs 

 over the cable. 



Bridle Man. One who follows a turn of logs down a 

 skid road and tends to the "bridle." 



Broadleaf. See hardwood. 



Brow Skid. The chief beam in a frame to which tackle 

 for loading logs on cars is fastened. 



Brush a Road. To cover with brush the mud holes and 

 swampy places in a logging road, to make it solid. 



Brush Snow Fence. A snowbreak to protect a logging 

 road; used most commonly on wide marshes. It con- 

 sists of brush which is set upright in the ground be- 

 fore it freezes. 



Brutting Crew. A crew which rolls logs down slopes 

 too steep for teams. 



Buck. 1. To saw felled trees into logs. 2. To bring 

 or carry, as to buck water or wood. 



Bucker. 1. One who saws felled trees into logs. A 

 cross cutter. 2. One who brings or carries. 



Buckwheat. See hang up. 



Buckwheater. A novice at lumbering. 



Bull Chain. 1. A very heavy chain, to which a number 

 of short chains, with hooks on one end and dogs on 

 the other, are attached. It is used to draw logs from 

 the mill pond up the gang way. 2. See jack chain. 



Bull Cook. See chore boy. 



Bull Donkey. A large donkey engine which, by drum 



