468 TIMBER BONDS 



and cable, drags logs from the place where they are 



yarded to a landing. 

 Bully. A common name for the foreman or boss of a 



logging camp. 

 Bummer. A small truck with two low wheels and a 



long pole, used in skidding logs. 

 Bunch Load. To encircle several logs with a chain and 



load them at once, by steam or horse power. 

 Bunch Logs. To collect logs in one place for loading. 

 Bunk. 1. The heavy timber upon which the logs rest 



on a logging sled. 2. The cross beam on a log car 



or truck. 3. A log car or truck. 

 Bunk Chain. See toggle chain. 

 Bunk Hook. The hook attached to the end of the bunk 



on a logging car, which may be raised to hold the 



logs in place or lowered to release them. 

 Bunk Load. A load of logs not over one log deep; one 



in which every logs rests on the bunks. 

 Bunk Spikes. Sharp spikes set upright in the bunks 



of a logging sled to hold the logs in place. 

 Burn. An area over which fire has run to the noticeable 



injury of the forest. 

 Bush a Road. To mark the route of a logging road 



across a marsh or the ice by setting up bushes. 

 Butt. The base of a tree, or the big end of a log. 

 Butt Cut. 1. The first log above the stump. 2. In 



gathering tanbark the section of the bark taken from 



the butt of a tree before felling it for further peeling. 

 Butt Hook. The hook by which the cable is attached 



to the tackle on the logs. 

 Butt Log. See butt cut. 

 Butt Off. 1. To cut a piece from the end of a log on 



account of a defect. 2. To square the end of a log. 

 Buttress. A wall or abutment built along a stream to 



prevent the logs in a drive from cutting the bank 



or jamming. 

 Butt Team. In a logging team of four or more, the 



pair nearest the load. 

 Caliper. An instrument for measuring the diameter of 



trees or logs, usually consisting of a graduated beam 



to which is attached one fixed and one sliding arm. 

 Camp Inspector. A lazy lumberjack, who goes from one 



logging camp to another, working only a short time 



in each. 

 Cannon a Log. In loading logs by steam or horse power, 



to send up a log so that it swings crosswise, instead 



of parallel to the load. 

 Cant Dog. See cant hook. 



