WORDS AND PHRASES 481 



Haul. In logging, the distance and route over which 

 teams must go between two given points, as between 

 the yard or skidway and the landing. 



Haul Back. A small wire rope, traveling between the 

 donkey engine and a pulley, set near the logs to be 

 dragged, used to return the cable. 



Haul Up. A light chain and hook by which a horse 

 may be hitched to a cable to move it where desired. 



Hay Road. See tote road. 



Hay Wire Outfit. A contemptuous term for loggers with 

 poor equipment. 



Head Block. The logs placed under the front end of the 

 skids in a skidway to raise them to the desired height. 



Head Driver. An expert river driver who, during the 

 drive, is stationed at a point where a jam is feared. 

 Head drivers usually work in pairs. 



Head Paller. The chief of a crew of fallers. 



Head Log. 1. The front bottom log on a skidway. 

 2. The front log in a turn. 



Head Push. See straw boss. 



Headquarter.s. In logging, the distributing point for 

 supplies, equipment and mail; not usually the execu- 

 tive or administrative center. 



Head Tree. In steam skidding, the tree to which the 

 cable upon which the traveler runs is attached. 



Headworks. A platform or raft, with windlass or cap- 

 stan, which is attached to the front of a log raft or 

 boom of logs, for warping, kedging, or winding it 

 through lakes or still water, by hand or horse power. 



Height Class. All trees in a stand whose heights are 

 within prescribed limits. 



Height Growth. The increase in height of a tree. 



Height Measure. An instrument for measuring the 

 height of a tree. 



Helper. See second faller. 



Hoist. See loading tripod. 



Holding Boom. See storage boom. 



Hook Tender. The foreman of a yarding crew; specifi- 

 cally one who directs the attaching of the cable to a 

 turn of logs. 



Horse Dam. A temporary dam made by placing large 

 logs across a stream, in order to raise the water be- 

 hind it, so as to float the rear. 



Horse Logs. In river driving, to drag stranded logs 

 back to the stream by the use of peaveys. 



Hovel. A stable for logging teams. 



Humus. That portion of the forest floor in which de- 

 composition is well advanced. 



