WORDS AND PHRASES 493 



way as they are brought from the stump for loading 

 upon sleds, wagons or cars. 



Sky Hooker. See Top loader. 



Slack Water. In river driving the temporary slacken- 

 ing of the current caused by the formation of a jam. 



Slant Dam. See Rafter Dam. 



Slash. 1. The debris left after logging, wind or fire. 2. 

 Forest land which has been logged off and upon 

 which the limbs and tops remain, or which is covered 

 with del iris as tho result of fire or wind. 



Slashing;. See Slash. 



Sle<l Fender. 1. One who assists in loading and unload- 

 ing logs or skidding with dray. 2. A member of the 

 hauling crew who accompanies the turn of logs to the 

 landing, unhooks the grabs, and sees that they are 

 returned to the yarding engine. 



Slide. A trough built of logs or timber, used to trans- 

 port logs down a slope. 



Slide Tender, One who keeps a slide in repair. 



Slip Grab. A pear-shaped link attached by a swivel to 

 a skidding evener or whiffletree, through which the 

 chain is passed. The chain runs freely when the slip 

 grab is held sideways, but catches when the grab is 

 straight. 



Slipper. See Rosser. 



Slip Skids. See Glisse skids. 



Sloop. See dray. 



Sloop Logs. To haul logs down steep slopes on a dray 

 or sloop equipped with a tongue. 



Slope. The gradient of the land surface. In forest de- 

 scription the following terms are used to define the 

 slope, each of which has its equivalent in percentages 

 of the horizontal distance and in degrees: 



Level = 0- 5%= .0- 3.0° 



Gentle = 5- 15%^ 3.0- 8.5° 



Moderate = 15- 30%= 8.5-16.5° 

 Steep = 30- 50 %= 16.5-26.5° 



Very steep = 50-100 %= 26.5-45.0° 

 Precipitous=over 100%=over 45.0° 



Slough Pig. Usually a second rate river driver who is 

 assigned to picking logs out of sloughs in advance of 

 the rear. 



Sluice. To float logs through the sluiceway in a splash 

 dam. See Flume. 



Sluice Gate. The gate closing a sluiceway in a splash 

 dam. 



Sluiceway. The opening in a splash dam through which 

 logs pass. 



