§4okd U ^m ttnd %cnmi, 



And Peace on Earth and Good Will toward Men. 



Bl^ J^. I. IJ^OOT. 



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Ato,^tos% ISf f ® 



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PATENT HIVES— WHAT FRA^IE OR HIVE TO USE— SHALL AVE USE AN EXTRACT- 

 OR, OR RAISE COMB HONEY?— ITALIANS— THE BEE MOTH— SPACE FOR COMBS 

 —FOUNDATION. 



While I earnestly try to maintain a broad "charity for all, and malice toward none," and while 

 I do not wish to take upon myself the responsibility of dictating a course for others, I feel It a 

 duty to discourage with all my might, both by pi-ecept and example, everjihing in the shape of 

 patented bee hives, or patents on anything pertaining to bee-culture. On the other hand I shall 

 try to encourage every one to do all in their power to advance the common good of all. I do nf)t 

 believe the world "selfish and gi-asping," but have unlimited confidence in the disposition of our 

 people to desire to pay for everything they get, and to reward those who work for them disinter- 

 estedly, when they once get a clear understanding of the matter. If you have made a valuable 

 invention or discovery, give it to the people rejoicing that you have been enabled to contribute 

 >c>ur mite to the common good, and in seeing others happy, and sooner or later, you will surely 

 have your reward. NotJiing is patented in the shape ofhivex or implements, that we advertise. 



I recommend the Langstroth frame for everybody, and for every purpose whate%"er, in pref- 

 erence to an^-thing else, and I have pretty thoroughly experimented witn all shapes and sizes. 

 There may be other forms that will give just as good results, but I do not believe there are any 

 better. For all general purpose, I advise the Simplicity hive holding ten of the above frames. 

 The hive is made of '^ lumber, and is 20Vi by Hi inches outside measure. The Lang-^troth frames 

 as our gauges make them, are IV^s by f^s (.ntside measure. As the chaff hive is the same thing 

 with an outer shell to hold the chaff that liroteets the hive from the winter's frosts, as well as 

 summer's sun, no confusion can nsult from using both in the same apiary. 



Produce just whichever pays l)est in your own market, and no one can tell so well as you, 

 yourself, can l)y trying both ; you can perhaps i)roduce a nice article of extracted for about 15c., 

 as cheaply as comb honey for 20c. You can produce thin, raw, unripened honey without any 

 trouble for 10c. or less, but it will probabl.\ pay you best to give your customers an article as good 

 in every respect as that found in the nicest comb honey. 



If your hives are all full, upper story and lower, and the honey is still uncapped, put on a 

 third one, and neither let your bees hang out idly nor swarm, if it takes another story still. When 

 they get to crowding out, give them rfiom if you liave to sit up all night to do it. 



The comparative advantages of the tilack or coiiuiion ))('fs ami Ifiilians, is a matter that no 

 longer admits of discussion, and 1 must consider the ver.\' few indi'.iduals who write in favor of 

 the former as belonging to that class of unfortunates who seem to delight in being contrary. If 

 ti Ills of 111 mey are to be considered a proof, the matter has long ago been amicably settled in favor 

 of the Italians. 



The bee moth need hardly lie mentioned now, unless it is to advise you to drive them out with 

 Italians, for whenever they come into a neighborhood, the m.oths get out without any farther 

 trouble or bother. This one feature alone, is enough to justify introducing Italian queens in 

 plac-e':of the blacks. 



The usual space allowed for brood combs is about 1 7-16 inches, but the matter is not at all im- 

 portant. They can be worked as closely as 1?8, or as far apart as l?i. For surplus honey we 

 ^vol!Icl liave about 'Z inches space from centre to centre of the combs. 



Perhaps no one thing in bee culture, ever brought f(jrth such unbounded tokens of approval, 

 as has the comb foundation. All controversies are at an end and nothing now remains but to de- 

 ^■ise ways and means whereby the expense of its manufacture may be cheapened. 



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