THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF WORKING PLANS 43 



are indispensable in forest organization. The forest map 

 should contain: 



(a) Essential topographic features; contours are seldom 

 necessary in level country; hachures are not ordinarily advis- 

 able. 



(b) Roads and trails, railroads, houses, barns, and other 

 " culture." 



(c) Boundary (exterior) of the forest; also all other interior 

 holdings by other owners. 



(d) The forest types; also all burns and cut-over area; 

 all barrens and all land under cultivation or pasturage (non- 

 forest land) within the exterior boundaries. 



a, b, c, and d may form one base map, or they may be made 

 into separate maps as the wealth of detail necessitates or con- 

 venience dictates. Where the area is too large to be shown com- 

 pletely on one map of ordinary scale (^ or i inch to the mile), 

 a small scale location map can be made and as many large scale 

 detail maps as are desired. In surveyed country a separate map 

 of each township, compiled from section sketches, is advis- 

 able. 



Armed with this base map the forest organizer sketches m 

 from survey notes, detail sketches, and forest description the 

 following additional points: 



{e) Provisional division of area into 



Blocks, 



Compartments, 



Subcompartments, 

 all depending on the divisions previously decided upon. Where 

 the forest is approximately even-aged and the method of regu- 

 lation is to consider age classes, these should be entered on the 

 map by writing the age class of the subcompartment in Roman 

 numerals, and coloring or shading it accordingly. Barrens 

 and treeless land are left blank. Often the organizer must 

 go over the area, map in hand, in order to settle some uncer- 

 tainty on the ground. The boundaries had best be sketched 

 only in pencil. If the original maps are made on tracing linen 



