204 THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF WORKING PLANS 



parishes, one-fourth of the area is to be reserved from cutting; 

 the balance to be divided into regular cuts (" coupes regulees ")• 



There are no binding prescriptions for the division into 

 subcompartments. In larger forests with various species the 

 minimum size is to be 2.47 acres (one hectare). For segrega- 

 tion on the basis of age differences or differences in density of 

 stocking, a minimum of 4.94 areas suffices. Subcompartments 

 are segregated only if the area requires distinctive treatment. 

 Stands in process of reproduction are to be segregated down to 

 a minimum size of 2.47 acres. 



The subcompartments are indicated on the ground by 

 means of stakes and ditches at the corners and are entered in 

 the maps. 



Maps. — Field surveys are usually confined to interior lines, 

 since reliable geodetic maps are available for both provinces. 



The forest map is usually on a scale of i : 25,000 and shows 

 the species by different colors. The cutting areas are indicated 

 on the map for the I and II period — i.e., for the next forty 

 years — by means of cross hatching, unbroken lines for the I 

 period, broken lines and dots for the II period. 



Forest Description is to be short and confined to the char- 

 acteristic features such as status, boundaries, surveys, etc.; 

 stand and site conditions; the occurrence and interrelation of 

 the chief species; past management and results; future, intended 

 management, expecially species, silvicultural methods, rota- 

 tions, formation of cutting series, roads, markets, by-products, 

 the chase, etc. 



Regulation of Cut. — The criterion is the normal periodic 

 cutting area. If the same rotation applies throughout the 

 forest this area = the total area of the forest X 20-=- the rota- 

 tion. Where there are several rotations, the normal periodic 

 cutting area is determined for each species according to the 

 ratio of the period to the rotation. The total cutting area is 

 then secured by adding together those of each species. Since, 

 as a rule, the forests are not normal, the actual periodic cutting 

 area must be modified to accord with the distribution of the 



