A MONTHLY JOURNAL 



Devoted to the Interests of Honey Producers. 

 $1.00 A YEAR. 



W. Z. HUTCHINSON, Editor and Publisher. 



VOL. XX. FLINT, MICHIGAN, SEPT. 16, 1907. NO. 9 



Building a Cheap Cellar That May be 

 Made Permanent. 



W* Z. HUTCHINSON 



w 



E built three out-of-doors cellars last 

 fall in Northern Michigan, and Fll 

 tell you how they were built. Each loca- 

 tion had a sandy hillside near the bees — 

 the location was chosen with this end in 

 view. In two of the locations we were 

 able to use a team and scraper for doing 

 most of the excavating. If the soil is 

 loose and sandy, one day's work with a 

 good team a. id scraper will scoop out 

 pretty nearly all of the earth that needs 

 to come out of a 14x16 cellar. It may 

 need a little trimming up at the corners, 

 but not much. At the Moray yard, tne 

 one shown last month as a frontispiece, 

 there were so many trees and roots, it 

 being in the woods, that it was impossible 

 to use a team; then, after we had got 

 down through the roots, we struck some 

 hardpan, a sort of gravel and clay glued 

 together, that required the use of a pick 

 loose.! it. 



WALLS OF POSTS AND CHEAP LUMBER 



After making the excavation, the next 

 step was to set up some eight-foot, cedar 

 fence posts, selecting nice, straight, round 

 posts about eight inches in diameter at 

 the large end. These were set in the 

 ground about one foot deep and three 

 feet apart, and each "pair" of posts con- 

 nected by a 2x6. 14-ft scantling, being 

 spiked on their sides level with their tops. 

 A 16-ft, 2x6 scantling was then laid 

 along on top of the row of posts at the 

 sides, and spiked i ist, thus forming a 

 plate for the support of the rafters. 



A hatchway was bui't at the end of the 

 celiar opening out upon the hillside, and a 

 door p'ut in at both the outer and inner 

 ends of tiie hatchway. Cull hemlock 

 lumber was then nailed to the outsides of 

 posts, th"s forming a support for the 

 earth in banking up the walls; most of 

 the banking being done with a team and 



