48 



THE BEE KEEPERS' REVIEW, 



contracting the mouth of such ( which bees 

 occasionally do, ) goes to prove that com- 

 pression is necessary to fertilize the eggs 

 which produce workers and queens. That 

 queens deposit worker eggs in shallow or 

 incomplete worker cells, is certainly dem- 

 onstrative of volition on the part of the 

 queen. 



The foregoing facts lead me to sustain 

 both the Wagner theory and the position 

 held by many — viz- ; that of volition on the 

 part of the queen when laying in shallow 

 worker or queen cells — but in finished work- 

 er comb, where the thousands of eggs are 

 deposited, the size of the cells materially 

 assists the queen, and insures against any 

 mistake which might occur through fatigue, 

 if dependent upon muscular effort alone. 



Jackson, Mich. Jan. 7, 1896. 



Some Points Erp'a'ned EegarditR Pure Air, 

 Meat-Diet and Drug-Treatment. 



ALLEN PBINGLE. 



lVtHE editorial 

 1/ comments in 

 the January Re- 

 view on my paper 

 on "Hygienic Liv- 

 ing " in that num- 

 ber render a fur- 

 ther amplification 

 of some poiiils of 

 that article neces- 

 sary. The editor, 

 while regarding 

 the article as " most excellent " and of " un- 

 usual value" takes exception to three points 

 — the first, as to the effect of a fire in a 

 room on the air ; the second as to the wliole- 

 someness of beef as food, and the third as 

 to the value of drugs in some cases of sick- 

 ness. Touching on the first he says : " I in- 

 cline to the belief that a tire in a room car- 

 ries out the vitiated air, and pure air finds 

 its way in through cracks and crevices to re- 

 place it, and in this way the air of a room is 

 purer for the presence of a fire. " This is 

 quite true provided there is ample ventila- 

 tion ; and there is nothing in my article at 

 variance with it when fully understood. 

 The point is simply this — given, a certain 

 quantity of pure air, and one stove going 

 and one pair of lungs going will vitiate that 

 air much faster than one pair of lungs alone. 



It is true that a fire in a room tends to 

 draw in the air through cracks and crevices, 

 all of which is very fortunate, else, as re- 

 marked before, the sleepers ere morning 

 would have gone into their last sleep. It 

 still remains unalterably true that the more 

 lungs ( whether iron or human ) that pre 

 breathing in any given space the more 

 oxygen, or fresh air, is required in that 

 space. 



The editor also believes that " fresh, lean 

 beef, in moderate quantities, properly cook- 

 ed, is a wholesome food. " With jast three 

 words added — from healthy animals — I can 

 also subscribe to that, and I presume the 

 editor intended to imply that though he did 

 not express it. My position on the meat 

 question is just this. There is a better diet 

 for humans than meat of any kind. If one 

 can get this better diet from the vegetable 

 kingdom I think it is foolish to eat meat. 

 If one cannot get a better diet than the best 

 kinds of meat then let him eat meat. Good 

 beef, from a healthy animal, thoroughly 

 cooked, is undoubtedly better food than 

 baker's bread made from superfine flour ; 

 and the human stomach can turn fresh fish 

 or fowl to a better account than decaying 

 vegetables or abominable pastry. Bat who 

 knows in buying meat that it has not come 

 from a diseased animal ? It is true that 

 thorough cooking is quite a safeguard 

 against diseased meat, but don't forget that 

 ordinarily, in private familes as well as 

 hotels, meat is not half cooked not by any 

 means enough to destroy the disease germs 

 it may contain. I once knew a German 

 family named Getz who partook of ham in 

 a raw state. It was "smoked" ham and 

 looked very nice and tempting ( to a meal 

 eater. ) The whole family, consisting of 

 father, mother and daughter, were taken 

 violently ill some time after eating the 

 meat. The daughter and mother died — the 

 father recovered. A piece of flesh from the 

 calf of the leg of one of the deceased was 

 sent to Toronto for analysis and it was found 

 to be literally swarming with the Trichina 

 Spiralis derived from the pork. The female 

 Trichina, once in the human intestines, 

 gives birth to myriads of young ( not eggs ) 

 which bore their way from the intestines 

 and get to the muscles, causing intense 

 agony and not infrequently death. As it re- 

 quires at least 170° F. of heat to destroy the 

 Trichinae the wisdom of thoroughly cooking 

 all pork through and through becomes rpani- 



