THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW. 



189 



on the old stand. The latter receives maiiy 

 old liight-bees, but most of the beea reiiiaiu 

 with the swarm, if it is luade before llie bees 

 take their play-spell, or if they are giveu a 

 chauce to till theuisels witii houey. Though 

 ordiuary artiticial swarms sometimes get 

 the start of such a swarm, it makes it up 

 later, siuce it contains more young bees. 



Gravenhorst's best colonies are formed by 

 a oombiuation of the above with the ordin 

 ary method. From colony A is made au 

 artificial swarm C. consisting of the queen 

 and part of the bees, which are put in an 

 empty hive with starters on the old stand. 

 Eight brood combs of A, with the bees on 

 them, are put in the surplus apartment of 

 a new hive in anew location. ()u tlie same 

 day is made au artificial swarm D, by the 

 method of the preceeding paragraph, from 

 colony B. The best eight brood combs ( of 

 course free of bees ) of B are put in the 

 brood chamber of the hive which has receiv- 

 ed the brood combs of A in its surplus 

 apartment. This hive is now full, and is 

 set on the stand of B. It parts with its 

 flight bees, which return to the old stand of 

 A, ( where C is ), but at the same time re- 

 ceives the flight-bees of B. It has and con- 

 tinues to have plenty of young bees, together 

 with the flight-bees of one colony ( B ;, and 

 resembles a colony which has swarmed, but 

 which continues hard at work. A swarm 

 from it may be reckoned on with certainty 

 in 1.5 to 18 days it it swarms at all. While 

 this swarm is out all cells are cut out, and 

 the swarm is returned. (Iravenhorst in hiv- 

 ing swarms uses starters at first and lets 

 them build part of their combs, or ."> to 8 of 

 the size he uses, then adds foundation or 

 drawn combs. 



An advantage of the extractor which ex- 

 tracts both sides of the comb at once, by 

 revolving the separate couibs at the same 

 time the reel revolves, is that the most deli- 

 cate combs remain uninjured. 



The Bee-Keepers' Recobd. — In view of 

 the dispute about the adulteratton of Oali- 

 foroia honey, the quotation on page 77 should 

 have been fuller. The article also says •' No 

 doubt, a great deal of what passes as such 

 [California honey ] is (juite innocent of hon- 

 ey. It is largely adulterated, or is some- 

 times even the output of a chemical labora- 

 tory. Still, much of it is a very respectable 

 article, carefully harvested, and put on the 

 English market with all the precautions 

 calculated to meet the public taste." The 



article from which this is taken was copied 

 in the editorial columns of the British Bee 

 Journal for October :5, e89r>. 



L'Arioui.Toi{E.— Editor Von Rauschenfels 

 does not agree with De Layens' conclusions 

 ( page 78 ) on the object of ventilation, but 

 is with Dr. Dzierzon and Mr. Doolittle in 

 thinking that the ripening of honey is due 

 to the internal organs of the bee. Many 

 other fanning bees must be in the hive be- 

 sides those observed. Increased labor pro- 

 duces greater heat, hence, more fanning. 



Fur ways that are dark and tricks that are 

 vain, the granulation of honey is peculiar. 

 Donienico Nonno reports that part of one 

 lot of honey granulated, and the rest did 

 not ; but does not make it clear whether 

 the circumstances were exactly the same. I 

 have heard of a case in which they were, so 

 far as external evidence goes. A can of 

 well- ripened, thoroughly homogeneous alfa- 

 lfa ho ey was emptied into smaller vessels, 

 allot the same kind, if I remember rightly. 

 After some time the honey in some of the 

 vessels had granulated, and in others had 

 not. 



Abvada, Colo. May. 8, 1896. 



Honey and its Uses. 



M. S. LIDEU. 



The following was written for a " Honey Leaf- 

 let, " and is published iu the Review that it may 

 be criticised. By the way, but little criticism has 

 beeu offered on the honey leaflets that have been 

 printed in the Review.— Ed. 



HONEY has been known and used as an 

 article of food and as medicine since 

 the dawn of history. Mention has been 

 made of it in all sacred books and in the 

 writings which have of value enough to live 

 down the ages. From man's earliest efforts 

 to tell the story of his past up to the present 

 time honey has held its place as the most 

 delicious and healthful of sweets. In fact 

 until two centuries ago it was the only 

 sweet used in the preparation of human 

 food, or as a sweet sauce o relish. It was 

 practically driven out of man's economy by 

 the use of sugar and syrups in their varied 

 forms ; because these can always be manu- 

 factured with uniformity, while honey, be- 

 ing a natural product, a crop, gathered, not 

 made, fluctuates with the honey flora and 

 the vicisitudes which govern it, such as 

 droughts, excessive heat, unintelligent hand- 

 ling of bees, honey etc. 



