61 



THE OANABTAN HO RTT C TTT-T TJRTST 



March, if>r^ 



Tomatoes erowine up the side and roof of a greenhouse. Notice the strong stems and large fruit. 



—Photo from H. S. Hodg<>a, Simooe, Ont. 



the ground. After this period difficulty 

 will be experienced. 



I would recommend the following sour 

 varieties, as they are well-known and 

 succeed in many places in the province. 

 We grow them at La Trappe : 



Early Richmond, Montmorency, Eng- 

 lish Morello, and Louis Philippe. The 

 two first varieties are light red in color, 

 with colorless juice and flesh. The two 

 last are of a darker color and have a 

 darker juice. They are more subject to 

 leaf spot, which is very often serious, 

 especially where the trees are on low 

 ground and the weather damp or wet. 

 Early Richmond and Montmorency ripen 

 early and are comparatively free from 

 the leaf spot, but Louis Philippe and 

 English Morello are more firm and stand 

 shipping better. 



Besides these four varieties I would 

 recommend, in colder regions, the fol- 

 lowing, which are very hardy: Orel, 24 

 and 25, Vladimir, Minne.sota Ostheim, 

 Cerise d'Ostheim, and the old "Cerise 

 de France." 



The cherry is a profitable crop, as we 

 netted this year one dollar twenty-five 

 cents per crate of six gallons, all pick- 

 ing expenses paid, counting from sixty- 

 five to seventy-five cents for the picking. 



The Use of Fertilizer 



S. H. RittoilMaie, Jordan Harbenr, 0«t. 



To fertilize our strawberries we plough 

 down a clover sod in the fall and cover 

 It with stable manure during the early 

 winter months previous to planting the 

 following spring. This system has given 

 us excellent returns. 



For a couple of seasons we have been 



getting good results from tomatoes 

 through the use of commercial fertilizers. 

 Naturally it requires more intelligence 

 and careful observation to get profitable 

 results from commercial fertilizers than 

 in the luse of stable manure. We will 

 be forced to change our plans in the near 

 future because of the scarcity of the 

 manure. I look upon the clover crop 

 as indispensable in keeping up fertility. 



Intercropping Young Orchards* 



W. T. MacoDD, Dsminion Horticaltnriit 



IT costs a considerable amount to bring 

 an orchard into bearing. The price 

 of land, cost of trees, their planting 

 and care, and interest on money invested 

 must be considered. To offset this it is 

 important that we get some income from 

 the land while the trees are young. 



For the average farmer a three-year 

 rotation, consisting of grain, clover and 

 potatoes, is probably the best. Manure 

 should be applied to the clover in the 

 fall. If the land is in good condition., 

 potatoes can be planted oftener. No 

 matter what crop is grown, a strip four 

 feet on each side of the trees should be 

 left. It should be kept cultivated and 

 seeded to a cover crop at the proper 

 time. A good growth should be obtain- 

 ed in the trees every year. The strips 

 should be increased as the trees become 

 larger. 



When planting potatoes, it is well to 

 remember that the source of the seed is 

 almost as important as the variety itself. 

 Potatoes from d istricts where the pota- 



•Ertraot from an address delivered at the 

 annual meeting' held in Port Hope, Ont 

 Jan. 27th, of the Northumberland and Durham 

 Fruit Orowen' Asaooiatloii. 



toes keep on growing until the frost kills 

 the top make much better seed than 

 those from parts of Ontario where the 

 tubers are prematurely ripened by the 

 tops dying in hot weather. The latter 

 seed is much weaker in vitality. In ex- 

 periments conducted at the Ottawa Ex- 

 perimental Farm, it was found that a 

 crop three and one-half times as large 

 was obtained from western grown seed 

 as was given by seed obtained where hot 

 summers are the rule. These results 

 are from an average of eleven varieties. 

 Late planted potatoes will keep on grow- 

 ing until the frost and make better seed 

 than early planted potatoes. These im- 

 mature potatoes will not sprout as early 

 in the spring, and on this account also 

 make better seed. 



An average increase of ninety-four 

 bushels an acre was obtained from plots 

 sprayed with the Bordeaux mixture over 

 unsprayed plots at Ottawa. As an in- 

 secticide, a mixture of Paris green and 

 arsenate of lead in the proportion of 

 eight ounces of Paris green and one and 

 one-half pounds of the lead to forty gal- 

 lons of water, has given the best results 

 at the Experimental Farm. The Paris 

 green kills more quickly than the 

 arsenate of lead, but the latter adheres 

 longer. The good qualities of the two 

 are obtained in the mixture. The great- 

 est development of the tubers takes place 

 in the latter part of the summer. If the 

 potato tops can be kept green through- 

 out September, a large crop is assured. 



Good varieties for the main crop are : 

 Gold Coin, Green Mountain, and Car- 

 man No. I. For the early crop, Irish 

 Cobbler, Rochester Rose, and for extra 

 early the Early Ohio give good results. 

 The last-mentioned variety is a rather 

 light cropper. Davies Warrior is a 

 promising new sort. 



Another good crop, where the soil is 

 of a warm nature, is field beans. They 

 are now selling at a high price, and are 

 likely to be higher next year. It is very 

 important that no crop that will injure 

 the trees in any way should be planted. 

 Corn, for instance, shades the trees and 

 often causes them to keep on growing 

 too late in the season. The little money 

 to be obtained from an inter-crop will 

 not pay for the injury to the trees. 



When the land is prepared for straw- 

 Ijerries we use binder twine stretched 

 from one end of the field to the other. A 

 man goes along this binder twine and 

 digs about six inches deep, pressing it 

 over. A boy follows with a basket of 

 fifty plants on his arm with the roots 

 loosened. He shakes the roots out and 

 drops them down the back of the spade, 

 which is held by the man, who draws his 

 foot away and packs the soil firmly about 

 the roots and be careful not to cover the 

 crown. — W. J. Kerr, Ottawa, Ont. 



