194 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



Floral Editiou. 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



COMBINKD WITH 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



with which has been Incorporated 



The Canadian Bee Journal. 



Published by The Horticultural 



Publishing Company, Limited, 



PETERBORO, ONTARIO 



H. BRONSON COWAN, Managing Director. 



The Only Magazines In Their Field In the 

 Dominion 

 Omcial Organs of the Ontario and 

 Quebec Krult Growers' Associations 

 and ot the Ontario, Manitoba and 

 New Brunswick Beekeepers' Associ- 

 ations. 



REPRESENTATIVES 



UNITED STATES 

 STOCKWELL'S SPECIAL AGENCY. 

 Chicago Office — People's Gas Building. 

 New York Office— Tribune Building. 



GREAT BRITAIN 

 W. A. Mountstephen, 16 Regent St., London, S.W. 



1. .The Canadian Horticulturist Is published In 

 three editions on the 25th day of the month 

 preceding date of issue. The first edition is 

 known as the fruit edition, and is devoted 

 chiefly to the commercial fruit Interests. The 

 second edition is known as the floral edition, 

 and is devoted chiefly to the Interests of ama- 

 teur flower, fruit and vegetable growers. The 

 third edition is known as The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist and Beekeeper. In this edition several 

 pages of matter appearing in the first and 

 second issues are replaced by an equal number 

 of pages of matter relating to the beekeeping 

 interests of Canada. 



2. Subscription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist in Canada and Great Britain, $1.00 a 

 year; three years for $2.00, and of The Cana- 

 dian Horticulturist and Beekeeper, $1.00 a year. 

 For United States and local subscriptions In 

 Peterboro (not called for at the Post Offlcej, 

 25 cents extra a year, including postage. 



3. Remittances should be made by Post Office 

 or Express Money Order, or Registered Letter. 



4. Change of Address — When a change of ad- 

 dress is ordered, both the old and the new ad- 

 dresses must be given. 



5. Advertising rates, $1.40 an Inch. Copy re- 

 ceived up to the 20th. Address all advertising 

 correspondence and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 

 The following is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for the year ending with December 1914. The 

 figures given are exclusive of samples and 

 spoiled copies. Most months. Including the 

 sample copies, from 11,000 to 13,000 copies of 

 The Canadian Horticulturist are mailed to peo- 

 ple known to be Interested in the grrowlng of 

 fruits, flowers or vegetables. 



January, 1914 ...11,570 August, 1914 12,675 



February, 1914 ..11,550 September, 1914 .13,729 



March, 1914 11,209 October, 1914 ...13,778 



April, 1914 11,970 November, 1914 .12,967 



May, 1914 12,368 December, 1914 .13,233 



June. 1914 12,618 



July, 1914 12,626 Total ." 150,293 



Average each Issue In 1907 6,627 



Average each Issue in 1914 12,524 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed upon 

 application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 



We guarantee that every advertiser In this 

 Issue is reliable. We are able to do this because 

 the advertising columns of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and because to protect our readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advertiser herein deal dishonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 his loss, provided such transaction occurs within 

 one month from date of this issue, that it is 

 reported to us within a week of its occurrence, 

 and that we find the facts to be as stated. It 

 is a condition of this contract that in writing to 

 advertisers you state: "I saw your advertise- 

 ment in The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not apply their trade at the ex- 

 pense of our subscribers, who are our friends, 

 through the medium of these columns; but we 

 shall not attempt to adjust trifling disputes be- 

 tween subscribers and honorable business men 

 who advertise, nor pay the debts of honest 

 bankrupts. 



Communications should be addressed 

 THB CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 



PETERBORO. ONT. 



The Single Tax 



One of our valued correspondents in 

 British Columbia takes us to task in a 

 friendly way elsewhere in this issue for 

 laying, what he considers, undue emphasis 

 on the importance of taxing land according 

 to its value and thereby minimizing the 

 necessity for co-operative efforts among 

 fruit growers in the direction of marketing 

 and handling fruit on a more profitable 

 basis. We hope that this view is not held 

 by any considerable number of our readers. 

 A careful perusal of the columns of The 

 Canadian Horticulturist, including the edi- 

 torial page, would show that it is not Justi- 

 fied. 



The Canadian Horticulturist was one of 

 the earliest advocates in Canada of the use 

 cl co-operative methods by fruit growers. 

 Practically since the inception of this publi- 

 cation nearly forty years ago this question 

 has been urged consistently and con- 

 tinuously. Scarcely an issue has appeared 

 in which co-operative effort in one form or 

 another has not either been advocated or 

 commended. At present, for instance, we 

 favor the fruit growers of Ontario uniting 

 in a large central agency similar in scope 

 and character to that of The United Fruit 

 Growers' of Nova Scotia, Ltd., and of the 

 Grain Growers' Grain Co. of Manitoba. For 

 similar reasons we have supported all ef- 

 forts by fruit growers to deal unitedly witt 

 transportation and other similar problems. 



While we believe in and advocate the ex- 

 tension of these movements we are, how- 

 ever, not among those who believe that they 

 will ever permanently solve the problems 

 they are primarily intended to dispose of 

 unless the land question is dealt with in 

 connection with them. A careful investiga- 

 tion extending over some years has satisfied 

 us of the correctness of this belief. Taks 

 as an example, the country of Denmark. 

 Nowhere in the world has the principle of 

 co-operation been worked out so success- 

 fully as by the Danes. Co-operative organiz- 

 ations in one form or another not only assist 

 the producers in the purchase of their sup- 

 plies at the lowest possible cost but 

 facilitate the marketing of their products to 

 the best possible advantage. Nevertheless 

 the farmers of Denmark are not as prosper- 

 ous as a class as the farmers and fruit 

 growers of Canada. This may surprise many 

 of our readers, because of the widespread 

 publicity which has been given to the suc- 

 cess of co-operative enterprises in Den- 

 mark, but it is a fact which is susceptible of 

 proof. 



Tn DpriTnark ppph new success in the direc- 

 tion of co-operative effort has been follow- 

 ed in a short time by an increase in land 

 values, until land which years ago could 

 be purchased at reasonable prices has ad- 

 vanced in price until It costs seyeral 

 hundred dollars an acre. These prices and 

 the rentals charged are so high that the 

 men who work the land are not on the whole 

 as prosperous as our Canadian farmers, 

 who still are able to obtain land at reason- 

 able prices. Over two hundred thousand 

 Danish farmers have petitioned their gov- 

 ernment to increase the tax on land values. 



Space does not permit of our dealing with 

 this matter fully. Suffice it to say that we 

 hold the view that fruit growers, as a class, 

 while introducing co-operative methods 

 should at the same time work for those re- 

 forms which will tend to remove an in- 

 creasing proportion of the burden of tax- 



ation from improvements to land values. 

 This will tend to check undue speculative 

 Increases In land values and at the same 

 time ensure the people who cultivate the 

 land receiving a larger return for their 

 labors. The subject is being given more 

 and more consideration by those who have 

 been led to realize its importance. 



Spare the Tree 



As more and more of our town and city 

 streets are swept clear of shade trees, 

 through the construction of concrete side- 

 walks and paved streets, the public is slowly 

 awakening to the importance of adopting 

 methods of protecting the shade trees that 

 still remain. It is well that this is the case, 

 as hardly anything more offending to taste, 

 good health, and civic pride exists than busy 

 streets devoid of all shade, the place of the 

 shade trees having been taken by ugly tele- 

 graph and telephone poles in endless profu- 

 sion. 



In the United States the resentment 

 against the needless destruction of shade 

 trees has reached the point. In some states, 

 where stringent legislation has been secured 

 for their protection. In iNew York recently 

 a construction company has been ordered to 

 pay a fine of five hundred dollars a tree, 

 with one thousand dollars additional puni- 

 tive damages, for cutting down some trees 

 that obstructed their work on one of the 

 city streets. Although the verdict against 

 the company was repealed from the lower to 

 the higher court, it was sustained by the 

 State Supreme Court. We need similar pro- 

 tection for the shade trees on our Canadian 

 streets. The Canadian and Ontario Horti- 

 cultural Association might well unite their 

 efforts to obtain an improvement in these 

 conditions. 



Tariff Difficulties 



Reports of the conference of fruit grow- 

 ers, commission men, and consumers held 

 recently in Calgary, quote Mr. R. M. Win- 

 slow, provincial horticulturist for British 

 Columbia, as having stated that the cost of 

 material and labor is some twenty-five per 

 cent, higher in British Columbia than in the 

 neighboring Pacific states, owing to the 

 Canadian tariff. This, he pointed out, places 

 the producers in British Columbia at a dis- 

 advantage in the matter of cost of produc- 

 tion as compared with their competitors to 

 the south. He urged, therefore, that the 

 duty on fruit Imported from the United 

 States should be increased. This sugges- 

 tion met with the opposition of the con- 

 sumers, as has always been the case. 



If the figures given by Mr. WInslow are 

 correct — and there is no reason to doubt 

 them — it would seem as though the produc- 

 ers in British Columbia would be justified 

 in demanding a reduction in the duty on 

 their supplies. The industries connected 

 with the furnishing of these supplies are not 

 to be compared in importance and extent 

 with the fruit Industry. Even if they should 

 suffer by a reduction in the duty on their 

 supplies, the resultant benefit to the fruit 

 growers would more than compensate the 

 country for such a loss. The consumers, as 

 well as producers, would favor such a modi- 

 fication of the tariff, as it would benefit them 

 almost equally with the producer. Is this 

 not the line of Isast resistance along which 

 the producers should endeavor to move? 



Among the many excellent publications 

 received from time to time by The Canadian 

 Horticulturist none are so fine as certain of 

 the publications issued by the Department 

 of Agriculture of the State of New York. 



