:5S 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



Floral Edition. 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



COMBINED WITH 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



with which has been Incorporated 



The Canadian Bee Journal. 



Published by The Horticultural 



Publishing Company, Limited, 



PETERBORO, ONTARIO 



H. BRONSON COWAN. Managing Director. 



The Only Magazines In Their Field In the 

 Dominion 

 Offlclal Organs of the Ontario and 

 Quebec Fruit Growers' Associations 

 and of the Ontario, Manitoba and 

 New Brunswiclc Beekeepers' Associ- 

 ations. 



REPRESENTATIVES 

 UNITED STATES 

 STOCKWELL'S SPECIAL AGENCY. 

 Chicago Office — People's Gas Building. 

 New York Office— Tribune Building. 



GREAT BRITAIN 

 W. A. Mountstephen, 16 Regent St., London, 8.W. 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist is published in 

 three editions on the 25th day of the month 

 preceding date of issue. The first edition is 

 known as the fruit edition, and is devoted 

 chiefly to the commercial fruit Interests. The 

 second edition is Itnown as the floral edition, 

 and is devoted chiefly to the interests of ama- 

 teur flower, fruit and vegetable growers. Tlie 

 third edition is known as The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist and Beekeeper. In this edition several 

 pages of matter appearing in the first and 

 second issues are replaced by an equal number 

 of pages of matter relating to the beekeeping 

 Interests of Canada. 



2. Subscription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist in Canada and Great Britain, Jl.OO a 

 year; three years for $2.00, and of The Cana- 

 dian Horticulturist and Beekeeper, $1.00 a year. 

 For United States and local subscriptions in 

 Peterboro (not called for at the Post Offlce), 

 25 cents extra a year, including postage. 



3. Remittances should be made by Post Office 

 or Express Money Order, or Registered Letter. 



4. Change of Address — When a change of ad- 

 dress is ordered, both the old and the new ad- 

 dresses must be given. 



6. Advertising rates, $1.40 an Inch. Copy re- 

 ceived up to the 20th. Address ail advertising 

 correspondence and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 

 The following is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for the year ending with December 1914. The 

 figures given are exclusive of samples and 

 spoiled copies. Most months, including the 

 sample copies, from 11,000 to 13,000 copies of 

 The Canadian Horticulturist are mailed to peo- 

 ple known to be Interested In the growing of 

 fruits, flowers or vegetables. 



January, 1914 ...11,670 August, 1914 12,675 



February, 1914 ..11.550 September, 1914 .13,729 



March, 1914 11,209 October, 1914 ...13,778 



April, 1914 11,970 November, 1914 .12,967 



May, 1914 12,368 December, 1914 .13,233 



June, 1914 12,618 



July, 1914 12,626 Total 150.293 



Average each Issue In 1907 6,627 



Average each issue In 1914 12,524 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed upon 

 application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 

 We guarantee that every advertiser in this 

 issue is reliable. We are able to do this because 

 the advertising columns of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and because to protect our readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advertiser herein deal dishonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 his loss, provided such transaction occurs within 

 one month from date of this issue, that it is 

 reported to us within a week of its occurrence, 

 and that we And the facts to be as stated. It 

 Is a condition of this contract that In writing to 

 advertisers you state: "I saw your advertise- 

 ment In The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not apply their trade at the ex- 

 pense of our subscribers, wiio are our friends, 

 through the medium of these columns; but we 

 shall not attempt to adjust trifling disputes be- 

 tween subscribers and honorable business men 

 who advertise, nor pay the debts of honest 

 bankrupts. 

 Communications should be addressed 

 THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST, 



PETERBORO, ONT. 



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EDITORIAL 



mamwm 



our plantings should be made to harmonize 

 witli nature as it finds expression in our 

 natural Canadian landscapes. 



Landscape Gardening in Canada 



DifTerent countries have distinctive char- 

 acleri.stics in their landscape gardening. 

 These distinctions are due primarily to dif- 

 ferences in tihe material with which the 

 people have to work — the trees, shrubs and 

 ilowers — but also to tempermental differ- 

 ences in the people themselves and to varia- 

 tions In the conditions under which they 

 live. The seclusive, formal Britisher sur- 

 rounds his home with impenetrable hedges, 

 and decorates his lawn with primly trimmea 

 trees and geometrically arranged flower 

 bods. The Wttle Jap, with his crowded con- 

 ditions and his diminutive garden, has de- 

 veloped some wonderfully dwarfed varieties 

 of plants, which are in strict keeping with 

 the other features of his domestic life and 

 environment. And so lin other countries, 

 especially the older ones; each has evolved 

 a form of landscape gardening expressive of 

 ItH natural conditions and of the character 

 of its people. 



In Canada conditions are favorable for the 

 evolving of a form of landscape gardening 

 that will not only be characteristic of the 

 country but also, in its expression of the 

 character of our people, and of the condi- 

 tions under which they live and work; and 

 in its simiple beauty, will compare very 

 favorably with the older schools of landscape 

 adornment. In its development all that is 

 necessary is to copy nature and to incorpor- 

 ate in it the simple beauty of a natural 

 Canadian landscape. 



A careful observation of a secluded glade 

 in the wood.=!, or of a clump of bushes in an 

 open place, will reveal the truly artistic 

 manner in which nature designs her beauty 

 spots. Where the sod ends will be found 

 scattered a few wild flowers. Then comes 

 a row of low shrubs or bushes swelling up- 

 ward into clumps of larger bushes and small 

 trees, behind which stand the larger trees. 

 There is scarcely a line of demarcation vis- 

 ible between the sod and a full grown tree. 

 Nature avoids sudden breaks in her arrange- 

 ments. One memlber of the arrangement 

 blends into the other with a smoothness and 

 gracefulness that can be copied, but never 

 excelled, by man. 



In the beautiflcation of their home sur- 

 roimdings Canadians have only to copy na- 

 ture as she works in their district, to secure 

 the most beautiful effects. She has been 

 busy for countless centuries selecting the 

 most suitable trees and shrubs for each in- 

 dividual district. These can be used to ad- 

 vantage, and where new varieties are intro- 

 duced, the arrangement should follow the 

 natural one as closely as possible. Wide 

 open Sipaces, then flowers, back of that low, 

 then higher shrubs, and behind it all the 

 larger trees, preferably some of our native 

 Canadian varieties: that is the way nature 

 would arrange our home plantings, and to 

 secure the most suitable effect we }ihould 

 follow her example a,nd make her way our 

 way. 



In a new country with people coming, in 

 normal times, from almost every other 

 country, and bringing their native ideas 

 with them, there is a danger of the introduc- 

 tion of features into our landscape gardening 

 that are exotic, or foreign, and that can never 

 be made characteristically Canadian. Clipped 

 trees and hedges and formal gardens are 

 all right in Kngland; a miniature forest of 

 pine trees, dwarfed to a few Inches in height, 

 are very suitable in Japan; but in Canada 



Greater Production 



Those who produce their living from the 

 soil, whether as fruit growers or In other 

 lines of general agriculture, are beginning 

 to show distinct signs of impatience when 

 well-intentioned individuals urge them to 

 increase the production of their land a3 a 

 means of overcoming many of the ills to 

 which modern society has become heir. 

 When we are Informed that farmers are 

 abandoning their farms by thousands be- 

 cause of the relative unprofitableness of 

 farming, it is urged that experts, and still 

 more experts, shall be sent out to teach 

 them how to Increase the yields of their 

 crops, so that they may be encouraged to 

 continue to cultivate the soil. When our 

 daily papers call attention to the increased 

 cost of living, complaint is made that the 

 ignorant farmer and fruit grower are 

 neglecting to fulfil their duty to the nation 

 by refusing to follow modern methods of 

 agricultural and horticultural practice. 

 Were they more responsive in the matter 

 of taking advantage of their opportunities, 

 so it is claimed, enough food might be pro- 

 duced for all at reasonable prices. When 

 the nation, of which we are proud to form 

 a part, became engaged in the greatest war 

 in the world's history, producers once more 

 were urged to increase their production and 

 thousands of dollars were spent In adver- 

 tising and in sending out speakers in order 

 that they might be awakened to a due sense 

 of their responsibility. 



While this advice is well meant It over- 

 looks one factor of far reaching importance. 

 There is no guarantee that increased pro- 

 duction will increase the returns to the pro- 

 ducer. Instead, it may result In disaster. 

 So frequently has it happened that large 

 crops have lowered prices until profits have 

 reached the vanishing point, that many pro- 

 ducers are as afraid of general overproduc- 

 tion as they are of a crop failure in their 

 own case. Last year, for instance, potatoes 

 were a large crop. Who will say that it 

 was a profitable one for the producer? At 

 present the danger of a continental over- 

 production of apples for some years to come 

 has become so acute that heroic efforts are 

 being made to deal with the situation, and 

 even Governmental authorities are discour- 

 aging further plantings until the situation 

 shall adjust Itself- Yet who can say that 

 fruit has become an article of common 

 consumption? 



The people who advocate increased pro- 

 duction as a means of reducing the cost of 

 living do so because they know that in- 

 creased production will lower prices. If 

 increased production means lower prices, 

 how, then, will teaching farmers in general 

 how to increase their yields enable farmers 

 and fruit growers as a class to obtain 

 larger returns from their crops? The one 

 argument discounts the other. 



The problem does not adjust itself to easy 

 solution. Its roots penetrate to the centre 

 of social and economic conditions that in- 

 volve all classes of the community. The 

 remedies required are more sweeping in 

 character than even those best informed 

 like to admit. Because they affect vested 

 interests such — to mention only one among 

 many — as the great railway corporations, 

 their adoption will be opposed by powerful 

 Interests. Fortunately, the public is awak- 

 ening to the fact that the welfare of soci- 

 ety demands that the situation shall be 



faced. The situation calls for wise states- 

 manship and united action on the part of 

 many Interests. 



