320 THE FUR SEALS OF TIIF PRIBILOP ISLANDS. 



JULY 17. 



Di-. Stejneger and Mr. Lucas refiiiiied tVoin Nortbeasl Point. The forenoon was 

 sclent in tlie dis.section of the cow from Zoltoi and in office work, lu tlie afternoon 

 Dr. Jordan and ]\Ir. ]\Iacoun visited the Reef, and with a glass counted harems on 

 Sivuti-li I'ock. 



DISSECTION OF A TlIKEE-YKAIl-OLD COW. 



In the rear of the rookeries liave been seen of late a number of small harems, 

 containing each a single small cow. This morning two similar harems are located at 

 the angle of Zoltoi Sands. As a step toward (h'tiMinining the (juestion whether these 

 are virgin females, one of the cows on Zoltoi was this morning shot by Mr. Chichester 

 for dissection. 



The specimen was chosen as being apparently less than average size, light in 

 color, and consorting alone with one of the smaller bulls away from the regular 

 breeding grounds. Shehadnopup. 



The following measurements were taken: Neck, 1 foot fi inches; length to root of 

 tail, 4 feet .'? inches; girth around posterior nipples, 1 foot 9 inches; giith around 

 anterior nipples, 2 feet 2i inches: girth of shoulders, 2 feet 9 inches. Weight, 73 

 pounds. 



In examining external characters the vagina was seen to be distended, its lining 

 walls thickened, fleshy, and wrinkled. The nipj)les were dark in color, and moderately 

 protuberant; the subcutaneous layer of fat abundant. 



The mammary glands contained a very little milk; were functionally well 

 developed; their tissue, neai-ly an inch thick in the region between the posterior 

 nipples, was found to thin out gradually anteriorly, the tissue extending from the 

 pubic symphysis to within about 8 inches beyond the front of the anterior nipples, and 

 the posterior glands on both sides merging together in one continuous sheet. The 

 upper edge of the gland was in line of the upper axil, and along tlie median side of 

 the body. 



In the bicornuate uterus the right horn was thickened and dilated to about half 

 the size of one's list. The ovaries were smooth, about the size of a walnut, the right 

 exhibiting a single scar. The left showed one large and several small graafian 

 follicles. The scar showed that the animal had bred once. Xo rupture was evident 

 on the left side, but the follicle was ready for rupture. 



The animal was therefore not a virgin, but apparently a young cow which had 

 lost her pup, and, having no further interest on the rookery, had gone to sea, and in 

 landing had taken up with the young bull on Zoltoi. 



ZOLTOI SANDS. 



lu some conditions of weather the bachelors lie on the flat sand at Zoltoi, but not 

 often. There are, however, always hundreds of them hauled up on the stony southeast 

 edge of the sands. They haul out at the angle of the blutt' and then go straight u]) to 

 the l)o\vlder-strewn slope where the sand is firm over the uiulerlying blocks of lava. 

 The seals tind it very hard to walk on sand at all, or to creej) up from the sea directly 

 on the sand beaches. They slip back at every step. It is not easy for a man to walk 

 over these sands. But at the angle of Zoltoi Bluff, where the sands are beaten hard 



