386 THE FUR SEALS OF THE PKIIilLOF ISLANDS 



One stomach liad an irritated spot in it likea small abscess; the stomach was full 

 of water; worms buried head tirst in the irritated spot; they are probably the cause 

 of the irritation. A stomach contained broken moUusks, dead shells, and pebbles. 

 Seals swallow small stones either to allay irritation or by accident. One stomach 

 contained a piece of sea weed, undigested, several inches long, attached t" a sniall 

 stone. No trematode worms in any stomach. Liver and viscera in general very clean. 

 One or two hearts were opened, bnt no tilaria found. No parasites were found in the 

 lungs. Shot was found in the body of a 2 year-old bull this morning. 



DR. .lOKDAN'S NOTES. 



A number of the seals of the different classes killed were brought ujjtothe village 

 for examination and study. The weights of the animals were as follows: Yearling 

 male (large), 47 jwunds; yearling cow (small one), 32 pounds; 2year-old (rather large 

 male), 00 pcmnds; 3-yearold male, 80 pounds; cows (adult average), 80 pounds. 



The following measurements were noted: 



Yearling cow: Tip of nose to root of tail, 30.^ inches; girth of chest behind fore 

 flil)pers, 25; about body at pelvis, 18i; at neck, 19; over shoulders, 28; length of 

 flipper to axil, 13|. Center of eye just midway between tip of snout and ear; eye 2i 

 times in length of snout. 



Two-year-old bull: Length, 42 inches; girth behind shoulders, 29; pelvis, 20 J; 

 neck, 20i; over shoulders, 32; behind flippers, 10. 



Three year-old (moderate size, growing thin): Length to root of tail, 49 inches; 

 girth of chest, 31; pelvis, 21; neck, 20i ; over shoulders, 30.J; behind flippers, 1<S. 



YEARLINGS. 



Autopsy of yearling female: Ovaries very small; as yet wholly undevelojied. as 

 is uterus and other sexual organs. No im]iregnation possible at this stage; none 

 exists. 



Yearling male: Smothered in drive by others crowding on him. Lungs mnch 

 congested; air mostly crowded out. Heart full of clotted blood, though still warm; 

 a clot of blood in auricle. Lungs the chief source of injury. 



The lungs of many of the seals killed were examined; no other found with 

 injured lungs. One shows slight congestion. It is evident from these examinations 

 that but little injury results to the seals from the drives. This drive has been a 

 severe one. 



The skins of the yearling male and female were taken for museum purposes. 



THE FIGHTING OF THE BILLS. 



In a state of nature the sui>erabundance of fighting males would tend to greatly 

 diminish flie rate of increase of the seal herd. This check has, perhaps, ])revented 

 f he seals from outrunning their food supi)ly, which in its possible limited state W(mld 

 furnish another check and offer a i)remium for wider migrations. 



IDLE HULLS. 



There is a distinction not always made at sight between the idle bulls of years 

 and over and tiie half bulls of ."> or 4. The idle bulls hold their gnmnd fairly, 

 especially if with a cow. The r>-year old will invariably run away. 



