388 THE FUR SEALS OK THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



TOLSTOI KOOKERY. 



On the way to Tolstoi several iiu]>s and one bachelor were seen lying dead on the 

 beach at the head ol' the lagoon, where they had probably been washed up I'rom 

 Lagoon rookery by the recent gale. All were too rotten to make it possible to 

 determine the cause of death. 



At Tolstoi the water to a distance of 10 or 12 feet from the shore was found lull 

 of swimming pups. The rocks were filled with others who were about to eater the 

 water or had just come out. These pujts were swimming ap])arently with ease and 

 safety right iu the surf, which was breaking witli considerable force. 



DISSECTIONS OF DEAD PUPS. 



It is now possible to pass for a distance along the water front of the sandy area, 

 and from the rocks and h)wer ])art of tlie sandy tract a number of dead ])Ui)S were 

 secured which were not too far gone to dissect. The following is a diagnosis of causes 

 of death in 19 cases : ' 



1. A female pup. in fair condition, found on the rocks near the first harem ; slight 

 contusion iu the lungs; liver crushed; gall bladder broken so that gall had (lowed out 

 among thi' intestines; other organs normal; evidently crushed by a bull. 



2. A male, in fair condition, a little lean; left side injured throughout length; 

 tiie left lung congested and flattened out; other organs normal; evidently trodden 

 upon, pressing the left side fiat. 



.1. A female, poor condition, very thin; right lung badly congested; other organs 

 normal; no milk in stomach; crushed, probably when weak from hunger. 



4. Female, thin; head crushed; suture between frontal and parietal bones split 

 open and bones si)read apart; all the muscles of the breast very much contused; 

 lungs, throat, and heart badly contused; no milk in stomach; evidently crushed. 



5. A female, in fair condition, not too fat, but well nourished; found at water's 

 edge,.iammed in between rocks; recently dead; an old pup with grayish fur; could 

 not have been stepped on where found, but may have been drowned and wedged into 

 the rocks by recent gale ; right lobe of lungs shows contusion, crei>itation in the crushed 

 part, contusion probably due to contact with the rocks; water pours (»ut of windpipe; 

 clear case of drowning. 



G. Male, in fair condition, but not fat; lungs in good shape; heart with little blood; 

 liver very dark; head all right; cause of death not apparent.' 



7. Female, with absolutely uo fat; lungs badly congested; other organs normal; 

 but recently dead; still warm; crushed and sutforated while in a. weakened condition 

 due to starvation. 



S. Male, excessively lean, not a particle of fat; lungs badly congested; heart 

 crushed; liver black; crushed while in starving condition. 



9. A large male found among the rocks as if drowned ; left-side muscles all contused 

 as by l)auging against the rocks; luags badly congested; liver slightly injured, evidently 

 by pressure; heart empty; contusion over middle of right hip; stomach full of milk; 

 probably drowned and thrown on the rocks by the surf in a recent gale. 



I It was on these ami similar autopsies that the theory of trampling as a cause of death aiMiiuj; 

 jmps was put forward in 189(). Tlir wlmle snbjeet must now lie revised in the light of the more 

 extended investigations of IS'lT. 



'this jiiip and No. I'J were ]irol>aliI.v I lie \ ietiais of I ii<-iii(iiiii. 



