400 THE niR SEALS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



Nearly all the living pups in a liealtby oouditiou, have the inside of the mouth 

 and teeth largely stained with dull yello^v. The starving ones have the mouth white. 

 This same peculiar color is seen in the nioutlis of bulls. 



The total of dead i)ups for this patch is 9">. 



Next follows a .short beach piled with seaweed. Evidently there is a strong tide 

 running around a large rock in the sea. On this beach there are 9;i dead iiujis washed 

 uj) by the surf They are mostly fairly fresh. Some are jierhaps drowned, but the 

 bulk have been washed oft' the rocks farther along and thrown ui) here. 



The next patch is located on a rocky prominence covered with large bowlders. 

 <^)n this sort of rookery ground the bulls leap from one large rock to another and 

 therefore rarely hit the pups. There are few dead pups; i'9 in all. 



Then follows a hauling ground which extends back from a small sandy beach. 

 On this beach there are 19 pups washed up. The sand heie is true sand, not lava. 

 It must have been washed from some distance, but is characteristic of a number of 

 the smaller beaches also further around the head. One dead bull and 2 cows. 



For the present the large i)atch at the base of Hutchinson Hill is omitted, as is 

 also the narrow strip extending to the hauling ground south of the hill. Beyond 

 Hutchinson Hill the count is resumed. There is a long sandy beach covered with 

 coarse bowlders. On this beach are 31 dead pups which have been washed up, 

 together with 2 dead cows. One of the 2 dead cows, which was fresh, was skinned for 

 museum purposes. On examination it was found to be in a hearty condition. A 

 .si)ear had pierced the skin of the breast, entering the mamma', which were full of 

 milk. On removing the skin of the head it was found to be badly contused as if from 

 a severe blow. The lungs were badly congested; the stomacii empty. It is i)rol)able 

 that the cow had been speared, then clubbed, and getting away, she was tinally 

 drowned in the surf and had been washed up by it. 



M0R.70VI. 



In the fir.st patch on the east side Mr. Clark counted 10.3 dead pups and 1 dead 

 cow. A pup in the water was seen playing with a short stick, lifting it u\> and 

 shaking it as a dog might. 



A pup was found im])risoued in the crevice between two rocks. Its Hijjpers were 

 white as if bleached; it showed the grayish tinge of age, but seemed w»01 nourished. 

 It was found to be attached by an unusually large umbilical cord to a rotten placenta 

 which was caught in the rocks, holding the little fellow prisoner. The cord was cut 

 and the pup placed on a flat rock. He had never used his tlippers, and could not get 

 about. He had evidently been well fed. 



A large and well-nourished pup was found curled up under the lee of a rock in a 

 position where it could not have been stei>i)ed upon. It was found on opening it that 

 the body cavity was full of milk, which poured out when ati ()[)ening was made. The 

 stomach was burst open. Evidently the pup had been stepped on after taking his 

 meal, and had crawled among the rocks to die. 



On a rock were a lot of s[)e\ving of fish bones as if vomited by a .seal. A small 

 l)up.wa8 seen lying asleep with an injured eye. On approaching closer to examine it 

 the pup started up and a stream of pus gushed out of the eye socket. 



