414 THE FUR SEALS OF THE PRIBH.OF ISLANDS. 



The uext large patch exteuds back aloug the rocks (or some distance and is 

 extremely fatal in its lower part, where the level ground adjoins tiie rt)cky beacii. It 

 has 44S dead pups and 1 dead bull. 



From this point to the south end of the rookery the clitfs are comi)OSed of large 

 columns and great rocks, on which there are very few dead. On the rocky portion, 

 which includes the whole south end, there were 155 dead ])nps. 



Above the clitfs on the tlatter rocks and more level districts there are .'i88. Flats 

 with sandy tracts abound in this region, and in them the mortality is greatest. 

 There are 2 dead cows and 2 dead bulls. 



Two cases of copulation were noted. One young bull with a 2-year-old cow 

 seemed very awkward, but eager. One bull entii'ely blind was noticed. He seems 

 pitifully helpless, groaning and snorting at the disturbance, but without being able to 

 see what was goiug on about him. 



SUMMARY OF DEAD PUPS. 



ST. TAIL. 



Kitc.vi toil 



I^agooii 7« 



Liikanin 20.") 



Tolstoi 1, 895 



Zapadni 3,0!in 



Little Zapadni 131 



Zapadni Keef 101 



(iorbatcli 712 



Ardigufii 2 



Reef 950 



Si vutcU Rock 50 



Polovina 635 



Little Polovina 47 



A'ostoclini 1, 808 



Morjovi 485 



Total 10,309 



About 2,500 pups have been crusiied by bulls on Tolstoi sands and the two 

 uorthernmost gullies of Zapadni. Of these certainly 1,500 each year could be saved 

 if the spaces in (luestion were covered with i-ocks. The mortality must have been 

 greater when the great masses of seals of early days were on the rookeries. It is not 

 too much to say that 100,000 ]iups have been ueedlessly trampled to death in these 

 places since the I'nited States assumed control of the island. The vast inip(ntance 

 of the seal rookeries would Justify tiie going over the rookeries each year in a careful 

 inspection and putting each one of the death traps in the best possible older. 



There are as many pups on Little Zai)adni, Zapadni Iteef, and the rocky slopes as 

 on Tolstoi satuls, and tlie mortality on these Znpadni rookeries reaches a total of only 

 238, while on Tolstoi sauds there are 1,4!)."> — over six times as many. 



RECORD OF DISSI'.CTION MADE ON ZAPADM ROOKERY BY MR. LUCAS, ASSISTED BY 



PROFESSOR THOMPSON. 



In the tirst live of tlie tbllowing cases examination was not made, the cause of 

 death being obvious: 



1. A ])up crusiied under a rock. 



