Relatio?is of the New-Zealand Fauna. 89 



are all found in the Indian Ocean, and the last two in the 

 Pacific also, but none of them in Australia. 



Of marine Gasteropods and Conchifera, omitting the marine 

 air-breathers, we have 330 species, about 160 of which are 

 endemic. Of these, Cyclina Kroyeri, Mytilus magellanicuSj 

 and Anomia alecto are only found in South America, as also 

 is the genus Solenella. Chione mesodesma is found at Valpa- 

 raiso and the Philippine Islands, Barhatia jJusilla in Peru and 

 Australia, Myodora ovata in the Philippines and Australia, 

 Mytilus smaragdinus ?a\di Anomia cykeum in China; while we 

 also have a small Cyprcea^ which appears to me to differ from 

 G. punctata (from the Philippines) only in the absence of red 

 spots. BanJcivia varians is found in South Africa and Tas- 

 mania. Our common pipi {Chione Stutchhuryi) is found in 

 Kerguelen Land ; while Ranella vexillum, which is also found 

 in Tasmania, is closely allied to R. argus from the Cape of 

 Good Hope, and to R. proditor from St. Paul's Island. The 

 genera PhoruSj Rotella, and Calyptrcea are found in the Phi- 

 lippine Islands and China, but not in Australia. The genus 

 Lyonsia, of which we possess one species, extends from Europe 

 and India to the Philippine Islands and Borneo, and is also 

 found in Peru and the West Indies. A few of our shells are 

 almost cosmopolitan, as Lucina divaricata, Saxicava arctica^ 

 Crypta ungniformisj and Lima squamosa ; while Nucula mar- 

 garitacea inhabits Europe, Dosinia subrosea is said to have 

 been found in the Persian Gulf, and the genus Solemya is 

 found only in Australia and the Mediterranean. While, there- 

 fore, our marine shells show a decided afhnity to Australia, 

 they also show a slight connexion with South Africa, Ker- 

 guelen Land, St. Paul's, and South America, and point more 

 decidedly to a connexion with the Philippine Islands and 

 China. 



Of land and freshwater shells, including the marine air- 

 breathers, we possess 114 species, of which 97 are not found 

 elsewhere. These show many striking and important facts in 

 distribution. Three only {lleJix suhrugata, H. sydneyensis, 

 and //. rajnda) are found in Australia ; and of these the second 

 is so like IL cellaria of Europe that it has only lately been 

 distinguished from it by Dr. Cox, and is also closely allied to 

 //. glahcrrima from the Solomon Islands. Helix rapida is 

 also found at Erromanga, one of the New Hebrides. Helix 

 coniformis''' inhabits the Louisiade Islands, H. radiaria the 



* I am indebted to His Honour T. B, Gillies for the information that 

 //. coniftnnis, II. radiaria, II. snbrugata, and //. vitrea inhabit New 

 Zealand. Mr. (Jillios collected tlio specimens in the northern portion of 

 the province of Auckland ; and they were determined by Prof. Macalister, 

 of Trinity College, Dublin. 



