90 Capt. F. W. Hutton on the Geographical 



Solomon Islands, and H. vitrea the Admiralty Islands. Cassi- 

 dula mustelina is found at Singapore and Pulo-Penang, and 

 Amphihola avellana in New Caledonia. But the distribution 

 of some of the genera is more important even than that of the 

 species. Nanina spreads from India to China, the Philippines, 

 Indian arcliipelago, and Polynesia, and is also found in Mada- 

 gascar and the Mauritius, but not in Australia. Amphihola 

 extends over Australia and Polynesia to Burmah. Lymncea 

 extends from Europe to India, China, and Java, and is also 

 found in North America, but not in Australia. Assiminea 

 is found in England, India, Celebes, Molucca Islands, and the 

 Navigator and Friendly Islands, but not in Australia. The 

 family Ancylince^ or freshwater limpets, of which we possess 

 two species, is found only in North and South America, 

 Europe, and Madeira ; and our common slug [Milax antipo- 

 darum) belongs to a genus found only in Europe and the 

 island of Teneriife. Testacella^ of which we also possess a 

 species, is only found in Europe and TenerifFe. 



Our former connexion with Australia, however, is shown 

 in the family of bitentaculate slugs {Janellidce) , a family Avhich 

 is found only in Australia and New Zealand — and also in the 

 marine air-breathing limpets {8ip)honaria),i\\Y&&oi ovcc species 

 being found in Austi-alia and Tasmania. 



The land and freshwater univalves therefore show a stronger 

 affinity to Polynesia and the Philippine Islands, by Avay of 

 New Caledonia, the New Hebrides, Solomon Islands, and the 

 Indian archipelago, than they do to Australia, although the 

 distribution of the gennsJaneUa shows that land communication 

 once existed with Australia also. To South Africa and South 

 America they exhibit no special affinity. Like the birds and 

 fishes, they also show a slight anomalous affinity to Europe 

 without any intermediate steps. 



From the Chatham Islands eighty-two species of mollusks 

 are known, of which nine appear to be peculiar to those islands ; 

 the rest are all found in New Zealand, including Ja^iella hi- 

 tentaculata and Siphonaria scutulata. 



I know of two shells only from the Auckland Islands 

 {Patella illuminata and Vitrina zebra), both of which are 

 endemic. 



MOLLUSCOIDA. 



Of Brachiopods we possess eight or nine species, of which 

 two only {Kraussia Lamarckiana and Mayas Cuminyi) are 

 found in Australia, the latter being also reported to occur in 

 China. The genus Rhynchonella is only known living in the 

 arctic portions of North America and Japan ; but this anomaly 



