the Trondhjtm Fiord. 



347 



Lasiastei' hispid us. 

 S. Lciphaster fincifer. 



Pteraster niilitaris. 



S. pulvilliLs. 



S. Rotaster multipes. 



S. IJiisinga endecacnemos. 



S. coronata. 



EchiDus acutus. 



elegarii*. 



* norvegicus. 



Schizaster fragilis. 

 Holothuria tremula. 

 p]c-hinocucumis hispida. 

 Myriotiochus brevis. 



ACTINOZOA. 



Many fine Pennatulids and ^'i^gularians. 



Spoxgozoa. 



*Trichostemma hemisplioericum. 



Cladorhiza abj'ssicola. 

 * peunatula. 



Stylocordyla longissima. 



borealis. 



Craniella cranium. 



Thenea niuricata. 

 *Cydoniuni Normani. 

 *Synops Macandrei. 

 *Isop3 phlegraei. 



The mud is of a wholly different character from that of the 

 Atlantic. It contains a large amount of mineral matter, 

 while the shells of Globigerina and Urhuh'na are rarely re|)re- 

 sented. The Foraminifera are chiefly characterized by a 

 large development of arenaceous forms, including many very 

 interesting species, and by the large proportion of shells 

 which belong; to the Bulimine allies. 



The Precipices. 



The chief interest in the dredging of the Norwegian fiords 

 centres in the work on the precipices. These often descend 

 almost or quite perpendicularly from close to the shore to the 

 bottom of the abyss. At Rodberg the whole of the western 

 shoi'e seems thus to sweep down into the fiord ; but as I did 

 little dredging on that side of the fiord, I shall speak only of 

 that part of the eastern shore which is close to Rodberg 

 itself. Here, according to my observations, there are three 

 chief preci})ices. The first of these lies to the south and does 

 not descend immediately from low-water mark, but runs out 

 obliquely -in a south-westerly direction from a little outside 

 the end of the pier, the precipice thus facing N.E. In my 

 first day's dredging I got upon this precipice most satisfac- 

 torily and brought up a dredge full of rare things, including 

 the fine Alcyonarians Farayorcjia arhorea, Faramuricea placo- 

 mus, Briareuvi c/randijiorum, and Duva rosea, the corals 

 Lopholidia prolifera and Amjjhihelia rantea, and the hydroid 

 coral Stylaster yevimascenSj together with various sponges, 

 including Geodia Barretti, Phakellia ventilabrum, and 2Va- 

 gosia injundihuliformis ; on and among these was a rich fauna, 

 embracing Govfjonocephalus Lainarckii and Linckii, Ophio- 



