480 Bibh'ojraj^hi'cal Notice. 



and the unity of plan. The importance of Embryogcny in these 

 researches is shown ; and a recognition of the geological continuity 

 of beings is indispensable. This leads to the consideration of 

 successive faiinas and Horas through geological times ; and how 

 they may have been influenced by locality and by changes in marine 

 and freshwater conditions ; also ])y variations of climate. Chap- 

 ters V. and VI., after explaining why and how organic beings have 

 become fossilized, give a classification of the known strata and the 

 general paheontological characters of their greater divisions. 



The Author clearly shows how Biology cannot be mastered if the 

 study of Fossils be omitted, since both the living and the extinct 

 forms come under the law of evolution in a not yet fully under- 

 stood complex, of which some constituent lines have been traced, 

 whilst numerous coils and networks have yet to be unravelled. 

 Leaving much of the technical work of a palaeontologist in the field 

 and the laboratory to be learnt from other instructors, M. l^ernard 

 proceeds to elaborate the special object of this portion of his work, 

 namely Animal Palaeontology, in a most orderly and painstaking 

 manner, and with numerous satisfactory figures in the text, all clear 

 and definite, and almost, if not quite, all newly drawn from good 

 sources. The Author has evidently endeavoured to master the 

 details of each group, but still caution must be taken in following 

 him in every case. We unfortunately opened the book at page 

 325, where a few mistakes at once appear — thus Edwardsi is mis- 

 printed "•Edward ; " the figure of the Puln'ociipris is an inferior and 

 reversed copy of the original, with some inaccuracies in the letters 

 of reference to parts ; fig. 15G, E, is not Earrande's Bolhozoe ; 

 and the diagnosis of M"Coy's Bei/richia is incorrect. Without further 

 fault-finding we wish to recommend this work as evidently the result 

 of good honest work by a palteontologist possessed of many, but not 

 necessarily of all, of the special qualifications wanted in so very 

 wide a field of research. 



The Protozoa occupy pages 77-107, and comprise the Foramini- 

 fera and Padiolaria. The Spongiaria occupy pages 107-130. the 

 Coclenterata pages 130-194, the Echinodermata pages 195-322, and 

 the Arthropoda pages 323-397 ; the Nemathclmintha are menticmed 

 at page 397 ; the Vermes Ciliati comprise the Bryozoa (images 398- 

 401), Brachiopoda (pages 401-440), and Chaetopoda (pages 440- 

 442) ; the MoUusca partly — thus Amphincura (page 444), Gastero- 

 poda (pages 445-524), and a few pages (524-528) making a 

 commencement of the Lamellibranchiata. The foregoing and other 

 names of the groups are given in French, not Latin. The relative 

 attention given to each is approximately represented by the number 

 of pages indicated above. 



The biVdiographic references throughout are numerous and useful, 

 and valuable classificatory and other tables are to be found in their 

 right places. With the Second Part of the work doubtless a good 

 Index and full Table of Contents will bo given, and these will be 

 very useful. 



