148 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



nerved, contracted into a short bifid or notched beak, longer than 

 the ovate acute or pointed scale, horizontally spreading at 

 maturity. 



Swamps. Rare. June, July. Genesee, Wayne, Yates and 

 Herkimer counties. 



Var. substaminata Peck. (C. monosperma Macoun). This has 

 a single perigynium at the base of the staminate spike. 



Plan;; Monoecious. 



Staminate spikes 1-3, stalked, often with a few fertile flowers 

 at the base or apex ; pistillate spikes 1-5, stalked or sessile, 

 cvlindrical, densely flowered or someiimes loosely flowered 

 toward the base, often staminate at the apex ; bracts leaf- like or 

 filiform, the lowest usually equaling or surpassing the culm, 

 sheathless ; perigvnia compressed, ovate or obovate (turgid in 

 47 and 48); scales dark purple or brovvn (sometimes greenish 

 in 47 and 48), giving a mottled appearance to the spikes, mostly 

 shorter than the perigynia. 



Pistillate spikes erect or epreariing (the lower ones 



recurved or drooping in 46), scales awnless 1 



Pistillate spikes nod<iing, scales rough-awned 6 



1 Perigynia stalked, their scales blackish-purple or brown, 2 



1 Perigynia sessile, their scales brown or purple-margined, 5 



2 Perigynia nerved or nerveless, their scales blackish- 

 purple rigida. 



2 Perigynia nerveless, their scales brown 3 



3 Perigynia obovate, spikes 2" wide aquatilis. 



3 Perigynia ovate or elliptical, spikes less than 2" wide . . 4 



4 ?:cales sharp pointed, squarrose. ... aperta. 



4 Scales obtuse, perigynia tortuous at the apex torta. 



5 Perigynia nerveless stricta. 



5 Perigynia slightly nerved lenticularis. 



6 Perigynia obovate crinita. 



6 Perigynia ovate or oblong-ovate gynandra. 



41. Carex rigida Good., var. Bigelovii Tiickm. 



Stems 10-15' high, erect, smooth, sometimes stoloniferous ; 

 leaves shorter than, or as long as, the culm, smooth, usually 1" 

 wide, erect, or the lower ones recurved-spreading, smooth; 



