TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. 



MICROSCOPICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION. 



PAGE 



1. Microscopical Preparations, Staining, and Microchemical 



Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5 



2. Biological research by means of the Microscope ; moist 



chambers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 9 



3. Sterilisation (Spallanzani, Scheele, Appert, Schulze, 



Schwann, Schroder, Dusch) . . . . . . . . 9 14 



4. Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 17 



5. Flasks : Pasteur, Chamberland, Freudenreich, Hansen, 



and Carlsberg Flasks 1721 



6. Nutritive Substrata '2122 



7. Preparation of the Pure Culture 2232 



(a) Pure Cultures for Morphological Investigations ; 



Ehrenberg, Mitscherlich, Kiitzing, F. Schulze, 



Tulasne, De Bary, Brefeld 2324 



(b) Pure Cultures for Physiological Experiments 



with Mass-cultures ; Pasteur, Cohn, Lister, , 



Hansen, Schroeter, Koch . . . . . . 24 32 



8. Counting the Yeast-cells 3235 



CHAPTER II. 

 EXAMINATION OF AIR AND WATER. 



Tyndall, Miquel, Koch, Hesse, Hueppe, v. Schlen, 



Frankland, Petri, Pasteur, Hansen . . . . . . 36 47 



Hansen's Zymotechnical Analysis of Air and Water . . 47 50 



CHAPTER III. 

 BACTERIA. 



Forms 5153 



Anatomical Structure, Colouring Matters, Phosphorescent 



Bacteria, Locomotion . . . . . . . . . . 53 54 



Multiplication, Growth-forms, Endosporous and Arthro- 



sporous Bacteria, Zoogloea . . . . . . . . 54 56 



Anaerobic and Aerobic Species . . . . . . . . 56 



