TEXTULARIA 823 



fessor Schultze, with whom Mr. H. J. Carter, 1 Mr. H. B. Brady, 2 and 

 Dr. Goes 3 are in agreement, regard Carpentaria as allied to Polytrema. 

 Some interesting observations have been made by Professor Mb'bius 4 

 011 a large branching and spreading form of Carpenteria which he 

 recently met with on a reef near Mauritius, and to which he has given 

 the name of C. rhapkidodendron. 



A less aberrant modification of the Globigerine type, however, is 

 presented in the two great series which may be designated (after the 

 leading forms of each) as the Te&tularian and the Rotalian. For, 

 notwithstanding the marked difference in their respective plans of 

 growth, the characters of the individual chambers are the same, 

 their walls being coarsely porous, and their apertures being oval, 

 semi-oval, or crescent-shaped, sometimes merely fissured. In Textu- 

 laria (Plate XVIII, fig. 9) the chambers are arranged biserially 

 along a straight axis, the position of those on the two sides of it being 

 alternate, and each chamber opening into those above and below it 

 on the opposite side bv a narrow fissure, as is well shown in such 



A B 



FIG. 622. Internal silicious casts representing the forms of the segments of 

 the animals of, A, Textularia; B, Botalia. 



1 internal casts ' (fig. 622, A) as exhibit the forms and connections of 

 the segments of sarcode by which the chambers were occupied during 

 life. In the genus Bulimina the chambers are so arranged as to form 

 a spire like that of a Bulimus, and the aperture is a curved fissure 

 whose direction is nearly transverse to that of the fissure of Textu- 

 laria ; but in this, as in the preceding type, there is an extraordinary 

 variety in the disposition of the chambers. In both, moreover, the 

 shell is often covered by a sandy incrustation, so that its perforations 

 are completely hidden, and can only be made visible by the removal of 

 the adherent crust. And so many cases are now known in which 

 the shell of Textularinice is entirely replaced by a sandy test, that 

 some systematists prefer to range this group among the Arenacea. 



In the Rotalian series the chambers are disposed in a turbinoid 

 spire, opening one into another by an aperture situated on the lower 



1 Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. iv. vols. xvii. xix. xx. 



2 ' Challenger' Heport. 



5 K. Svenska Vet. Handlingar, xix. No. 4, p. 94. 



4 See his Foraminifera von Mauritius, 1880, plates v. vi. 



