110 FEEDING ANIMALS. 



enough. You will place the window frames in the boxes 

 when the wall is raised high enough to bring the top of 

 the frame to the top of the proposed wall. The jambs 

 and sills of the window frames will be as wide as the door 

 frames. 



PROPORTIONS FOB WATER-LIME CONCRETE. 



If you have only sand to use, mix five parts with one of 

 water-lime, thoroughly, while dry; then wet into a thin 

 mortar and use immediately. But if you also have gravel, 

 mix the sand and water-lime, four to one, then mix into 

 this five or six of gravel, make into a thin mortar and use 

 at once. This will make a concrete of about nine to one. 

 If you also have stones to lay with it, put these stones into 

 the boxes and cover with this mortar, and all the stone 

 you put in will save so much mortar, and make your wall 

 stronger while new. If you use only sand and stone, then 

 mix the water-lime one to five, and lay the stone with it. 

 The way is to put a layer of an inch of mortar in the 

 bottom and then a layer of stone, then of mortar and so 

 on, letting the mortar come over the edge of the stone. 



If the stones are not permitted to come quite to the out- 

 side of the wall, the mortar over them will prevent them 

 conducting moisture or frost through. The mortar should 

 be tamped in, so as to fill every crevice. 



There should be plenty of light in such a basement, for 

 the health of the animals. Light is much more important 

 than is generally supposed. The light of such a stable 

 should be as great as in the living room of a dwelling- 

 house. 



NEW WAY OF BUILDING LONG BARNS. 



We have shown the great economy and convenience of 

 the octagonal over that of the oblong form. There can be 

 no doubt that the circular form brings the labor into much 



