FEEDING YOUNG ANIMALS. 139 



I. H. 



Phosphate of lime 2.31 3.44 



Phosphate of magnesia 0.42 0.64 



Phosphate of iron 0.07 0.07 



Chloride of potassium 1.44 1.83 



Chloride of sodium 0.24 0.34 



Freesoda 0.42 0.45 



4.90 6.77 



Here we find that something over one-half of the* ash of 

 milk is composed of phosphate of lime and magnesia, 

 which accounts for the rapid growth of the calf in frame 

 when full-fed upon milk. Here is found every mineral 

 constituent required for every purpose in the living 

 organism. Phosphate of lime is found in the muscles, 

 skin, hair, hoofs and horns, as well as in the bones. The 

 sugar of milk is admirably adapted as fuel in keeping up 

 animal heat; and this is often illustrated in the ability of the 

 calf to withstand cold, frequently showing that it feels cold 

 less than its mother. Then the oil of the milk furnishes fat 

 ready formed for use, and needs only to be appropriated by 

 the young animal to be changed into animal fat. Thus milk 

 is a perfect food, possessing every element required to build 

 up the animal body. But the young animal uses milk only 

 for a limited time, when other food must be substituted for 

 it. The choice of this food, which is to replace the milk, 

 requires some thought and skill, and the time when this 

 substitution is to take place is an important element in 

 determining the choice. A moment's reflection will show 

 the great impropriety of substituting food for the young 

 animal very different in its elements from milk, its natural 

 food. Whatever food, then, is to be used, besides milk, 

 for the calf, colt, lamb or pig, should be chosen because it 

 possesses the important elements in common with milk, 

 and in nearly a like proportion. The young animal must 

 not suffer a check in its growth when the change takes 

 place, if the greatest profit is to be realized from it. In 

 order that we may decide upon the best foods to be given in 



