242 FEEDING ANIMALS. 



There are many other foods that may be used to feed the 

 calf the second six months, to be determined by the price 

 of the particular food in the different localities. Linseed- 

 meal (extracted by the new process), is one of the best foods 

 to grow the young animal. This can usually be bought 

 for twenty to twenty-five dollars per ton, and, when corn 

 is cheap, the best grain ration would be two pounds linseed- 

 meal and three pounds of corn-meal per day added to the 

 hay ration, or hay and straw ration. The linseed-meal has 

 a nutritive ratio of 1: 1.4, and corn-meal 1: 8.5, and the 

 mixture would have a nutritive ratio of 1: 5.6, or a well 

 balanced ration. The linseed-meal is rich in the constitu- 

 ents of bone and muscle, and the corn in the elements 

 that generate heat and lay on fat. 



Eye and barley-meal, millet and buckwheat-meal, pea 

 and oat-meal, are all excellent food for calves the first 

 winter. 



WHEY RATION FOE THE CALF. 



Although an easy matter to raise a fine calf upon milk 

 deprived only of its cream this single element being easily 

 supplied the successful use of milk deprived of both 

 cream and casein, or cheese, leaving only whey or milk 

 sugar, requires much more skill and a knowledge of the 

 composition of different foods. Sugar is an important 

 element of food, but only one and no animal can subsist 

 upon sugar alone. "Whey, however, is not pure milk sugar, 

 but contains a little soluble albumen, a trace of casein 

 or cheese, a little soluble phosphate of lime but still 

 mostly mere sugar of milk. This milk sugar in whey is 

 in a very soluble and digestible condition, and has a feed- 

 ing value well worth saving. We have usually considered 

 whey, theoretically, as containing only the sugar of milk ; 

 but Prof. Voelcker gives 18 analyses of whey, taken from 

 as many different cheese makers' vats, and if these samples 

 are no better than the general average of the whey from 



