TEMPORARY PASTURES. 281 



As a further aid to understanding the individual value 

 of these grasses we refer to the analyses of them given on 

 pages 153-7. 



The whole list of grasses above described can only be 

 used in permanent pastures, and for these too great a 

 variety of successful grasses cannot be sown. We have a 

 great number of natural grasses in this country which have 

 never been tested in cultivation, but from which many 

 might, no doubt, be selected to enrich our permanent 

 pastures. 



But we must have also in our rotation tillage, 



TEMPORARY PASTURES. 



In the older-settled States there are comparatively few 

 permanent pastures, except on land too rough or hilly to 

 cultivate, or on woodland pastures. These have usually 

 seeded themselves, but they may be benefited by sowing 

 grass-seeds very early in spring or late in the fall over the 

 spaces not well covered with grass. For this purpose red- 

 top, wire-grass (Poa compressa) and orchard-grass may be 

 sown. Mix them together in equal proportion, and sow at 

 the rate of 15 pounds per acre. If this is dressed after 

 sowing with 3 bushels of wood-ashes or one bushel of land- 

 plaster to the acre, the seeding and dressing are likely to 

 much improve the pasturage. 



Temporary pastures are varied according to the methods 

 of tillage. It is very common to till land for the various 

 grain and cultivated crops for 8 or 10 years, then lay it 

 down to pasture-grasses for 10 or more years, allowing it to 

 recover for another period of grain tillage. We cannot 

 say that we quite approve of this plan, but where such 

 practice obtains, or where pastures are laid down for 10 to 

 15 years, a larger number of grasses should be sown than 

 on pastures for a shorter period. The following grasses 

 and clovers may be used: Timothy 8 Ibs.; medium red 



