32 VIOLACE^E. (VIOLET FAMILY.) 



1. C. pungens, Willd. Clammy-pubescent; leaves 5 - 7-foliate, long- 

 petioled ; leaflets lanceolate, acute, serrulate ; lower bracts trifoliolate, the upper 

 ones simple, cordate-ovate ; stipules spiny ; capsule smooth, shorter than the elon- 

 gated stipe ; seeds rugose. "Waste places, Florida and westward. May - 

 August. Introduced. Stem 2 - 4 high. Petioles more or less spiny. 

 Flowers showy, purple, changing to white. 



3. GYNANDROPSIS, DC. 



Petals clawed, imbricated or open in the bud. Stamens 6 ; the filaments ad- 

 nate to the lower half of the elongated stipe of the ovary. Stigma sessile. 

 Capsule silique-like, many-seeded. Herbs with palmately 3 - 5-foliolate leaves, 

 and racemose bracted flowers. 



1. G. pentaphylla, DC. Clammy-pubescent; leaves 5-foliate, the lower 

 ones and bracts 3-foliolate ; leaflets oblong-obovate, nearly entire ; flowers white, 

 open in the bud ; capsules hispid ; seeds warty. Waste places, Florida to 

 North Carolina. Naturalized. May -August. Stem 2 -3 high. 



4. CAPPABIS, L. CAPER-TREE. 



Sepals partly united, imbricated or valvate in the bud, often glandular at the 

 base. Petals imbricated in the bud. Stamens numerous. Torus small. Ovary 

 long-stipitate. Stigma sessile. Fruit fleshy, globose or silique-like, many- 

 seeded. Shrubs or trees, with simple entire coriaceous leaves, spiny or adnate 

 stipules, and mostly showy flowers. 



1. C. Jamaicensis, Jacq, Leaves oblong, emarginate, smooth above, 

 the lower surface, like the flowers and flattened branches, dotted and covered 

 with minute scales ; flowers terminal, by pairs, on short 4-angled peduncles ; 

 sepals ovate, valvate in the bud, scarcely shorter than the oval white petals ; 

 filaments 20 - 24, long, villous at the base; capsule long (6'- 8'), cylindrical, 

 torulose, downy, long-stipitate. ( Colicodendron anceps, Shuttl.) South Flor- 

 ida. Shrub 8 - 10 high. 



2. C. cynophallophora, L. Leaves oblong, obtuse, reticulate-veined, 

 glabrous like the flowers and branches ; peduncles 4-angled, few-flowered ; se- 

 pals rounded, imbricated in the bud, much shorter than the obovate white petals ; 

 filaments very long (2'), smooth; capsule (6' -8' long) smooth, torulose, short- 

 stipitate, pulpy within. South Florida. Shrub 6 - 8 high. 



ORDER 14. VIOL.ACE7E. (VIOLET FAMILY.) 



Herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple, involute in the bud. Stip- 

 ules persistent. Flowers irregular, axillary, on bracted peduncles, nod- 

 ding. Sepals 5, persistent, imbricated in the bud. Petals 5, hypogynous, 

 obliquely convolute in the bud. Stamens 5, alternate with the petals, 

 connivent. Anthers adnate, introrse, Style single. Capsule 1-celled, 

 loculicidally 3-valved, many-seeded: valves each bearing a placenta in 

 the middle. Embryo straight, in fleshy albumen. 



