34 VIOLACE^E. (VIOLET FAMILY.) 



* # # Flowers yellow, 



9. V. rotundifolia, Michx. Nearly smooth ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 longer than the short petioles ; lateral petals bearded. Mountains of North 

 Carolina and northward. Rhizoma slender, bearing runners. Leaves flat on 

 the ground. Petals striped with purple. 



2. Leaves and flowers Lome on manifest stems : perennials. 

 * Stems leafy throughout. 



10. V. Muhlenbergii, Torr. Primary stems erect, the later ones pros- 

 trate ; leaves broadly cordate or reniform, crenate and roughened with minute 

 elevated points, the uppermost acute ; stipules fringed ; spur obtuse, half as long 

 as the pale purple petals ; lateral petals bearded. Damp shades in the upper 

 districts and northward. 



Var. multicaulis, Torr. & Gray. Stems all prostrate and creeping;' 

 leaves smaller, roundish, obscurely crenate, purple-veined. Dry rocks and hills 

 in the lower districts. March and April. Stems slender, 4' - 6' long. 



11. V. Stricta, Ait. Stems ascending ; leaves cordate, serrate, rough- 

 ened as in No. 10, the uppermost often acute ; stipules large, fringed ; spur 

 thick, shorter than the large cream-colored petals ; lateral petals bearded, the 

 lower striped with purple. Mountains of Georgia and northward. April. 

 Stems 10' - 12' high. Peduncles elongated. 



12. V. Canadensis, L. Tall ; leaves large, broadly cordate, acuminate, 

 coarsely serrate, longer than the peduncles ; stipules nearly entire ; spur very 

 short; petals white, externally purplish, the lateral ones bearded. Rich soil 

 along the mountains of North Carolina and northward. May - August. 

 Stems l-2 high. 



* * Stems leafy at the summit : stipules entire. 



13. V. liastata, Michx. Smooth or hairy ; leaves rhombic-ovate, hastate - 

 3-lobed, or the lower ones 3-parted (V. tripartita, Ell.}, serrate and commonly 

 acute ; flowers small, yellow ; lateral petals bearded, the lowest striped with 

 purple ; spur very short. Shaded hill-sides, Florida and northward. April 

 and May. Stem 6'- 12' high. Stipules small. 



14. V. pubescens, Ait. Downy or woolly ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 coarsely serrate, mostly acute ; stipules large ; spur very short ; flowers yellow, 

 the lower petals veined with purple, bearded. Dry rocky soil in the upper dis- 

 tricts, and northward. April. Stems 6' - 12' high. Capsules sometimes villous. 



3. Stems leafy : root annual. 



15. V. tricolor, L., var. arvensis, DC. Stems branching ; lowest 

 leaves roundish, the upper lanceolate, entire ; stipules leafy, pinnatifid ; flowers 

 small, yellow and purple. Cultivated ground. Introduced. Stem 6' high. 



2. SOLE A, Ging. 



Sepals not produced at the base. Petals unequal, the lowest one gibbous at 

 the base and 2-lobed at the apex, the others smaller. Stamens with the filaments 

 united and produced above the anthers, the two lower ones glandular at the 



