UMBELLIFER^E. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 163 



13. ZIZIA, DC. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit ovoid-oblong, twin. Carpels 5-ribbed, the cross 

 section nearly orbicular. Vittae 3 in each interval, and 4 on the commissure. 

 A smooth perennial herb, with 2 - 3-ternately compound leaves, and yellow 

 flowers. 



1. Z. integerrima, DC. Stem slender; leaflets oblong-ovate, entire; 

 rays of the umbel long and slender; involucre none. (Smyrnium integerrimum, 

 L.) Rocky woods, Mississippi, and northward. May and June. Stem 1 - 

 2 high. 



14. THASPIUM, Nutt. 



Calyx-teeth short or obsolete. Fruit ovoid or oblong, somewhat flattish at the 

 sides. Carpels commonly equally and strongly 5-ribbed. Intervals with single 

 vittse. Perennial herbs, with 1 - 2-ternately-divided leaves (the lowest often en- 

 tire), and yellow or purple flowers. Involucre none. 



* Calyx-teeth short, obtuse. 



1. T. barbinode, Nutt Stem pubescent at the joints; leaves 1 - 2-ternate, 

 more or less pubescent ; leaflets cuneate-ovate, entire toward the base, toothed 

 above, the terminal one nan-owed into a long stalk ; fruit oblong, the ribs mostly 

 unequal ; flowers pale yellow. River-banks, West Florida, and northward. 

 May and June. Stem branching above, 2 -3 high. Leaflets '-1' long, 

 often 2-3-lobed. 



2. T. pinnatifidum, Gray. Branches and umbels roughish-puberulent ; 

 leaves 1-3-ternate; leaflets 1 - 2-pinnatifid, the lobes linear or oblong; fruit 

 oblong, narrowly 8- 10-winged, the intervals minutely scabrous. Mountains of 

 North Carolina and Tennessee. Stem 2 - 5 high. 



* * Calyx-teeth obsolete. 



3. T. aureum, Nutt. Leaves 1 - 2-ternate ; the leaflets oblong-lanceolate, 

 sharply serrate, the lateral ones unequal at the base ; fruit oval, the ribs thick 

 or winged. (Smyrnium aureum, L.) Rich soil, Florida, and northward. 

 May. Stem l-2high. Lowest leaves sometimes cordate and undivided. 

 Flowers yellow. 



4. T. trifoliatum, Gray. Leaves crenate; the lowest ones usually sim- 

 ple and cordate, the others trifoliolate ; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, mostly obtuse 

 at the base; fruit roundish, ribbed or winged. (Smyrnium cordatum, Walt. 

 S. atropurpureum, Lam.) Rich soil, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. 

 June. Stem 1 - 2 high. Flowers yellow or dark purple. 



15. LIGUSTICUM, L. NONDO. 



Calyx-teeth minute or obsolete. Fruit elliptical, nearly terete. Carpels with 

 5 acute equal and somewhat winged ribs. Vittas numerous. Involucre short, 

 2 - 6-leaved. Perennial herbs. Leaves 1 - 3-ternately divided. Flowers white. 



1. L. actseifolium, Michx. Stem tall (3 -6), smooth, branched; 

 leaves 3-ternately divided ; leaflets ovate, toothed ; umbels very numerous, pani- 



