166 ARALIACE^. (GINSENG FAMILY.) 



23. OSMORRHIZA, Raf. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit clavate, angled. Carpels with bristly ribs, fur- 

 rowed on the commissure. Vittse none. Perennial herbs with aromatic roots. 

 Leaves 2-teraate, with the leaflets ovate, toothed or serrate. Umbels opposite 

 the leaves. Involucre and involucel 2 - 5-leaved. Flowers white. 



1. O. brevistylis, f DC. Styles very short, conical ; fruit somewhat taper- 

 ing at the apex. Mountains of North Carolina and northward. June. 

 Plant hairy, 1 - 1^ high. Leaflets thin, acuminate, pmnatifid. 



ORDER 67. ARAL.IACE.flE. (GINSENG FAMILY.) 



Umbelliferous herbs, shrubs, or trees, nearly as in the last order ; but 

 the flowers (chiefly polygamous) with flat and spreading petals, the styles 

 and carpels of the baccate fruit usually more than two, and the embryo at 

 the apex of copious fleshy albumen. 



1. AHAXiIA, L. SARSAPARILLA. 



Calyx-teeth 5, or none. Petals, stamens, and spreading styles 5. Berry 

 drupaceous, 5-lobed, 5-cellcd. Herbs or shrubs. Leaves compound. Umbels 

 corymbed or panicled. Flowers whitish. Berry black. 



* Stems herbaceous. 



1. A. racemosa, L. Stem smooth, leafy, widely branched ; leaves ternately 

 decompound ; leaflets large, broadly cordate, doubly serrate ; umbels very numer- 

 ous, panicled. Rich woods along the mountains, Georgia, and northward. 

 July. Root thick, aromatic. Stem 3 - 5 high. 



2. A. hispida, Michx. Stem leafy, somewhat shrubby at the base, bristly ; 

 leaves bipinnately compound ; leaflets lanceolate-ovate, sharply serrate ; umbels 

 in naked peduncled corymbs. Mountains of North Carolina, and northward. 

 June and July. Stem l-2 high. 



3. A. nudicaulis, L. Stem naked, short, bearing 3 long-peduncled um- 

 bels at the apex ; leaf solitary, radical, long-petioled, ternately divided, the 

 divisions quinate ; leaflets oblong-ovate, acuminate, serrate. Mountains of 

 North Carolina, and northward. May. Root long and slender, aromatic. 

 Stem 1 high, much shorter than the leaves. 



* * Stems woody. 



4. A. spinosa, L. Stem simple, prickly ; leaves very large, crowded at 

 the summit of the stem, bipinnately compound ; leaflets thick, ovate, crenate, 

 glaucous beneath ; umbels in very large hoary panicles. Swamps, Florida to 

 Mississippi, and northward. July and August. Stem 10 - 15 high. 



2. PANAX, L. GINSENG. 



Calyx minutely 5-toothed. Petals and stamens 5. Styles 2-3. Berry fleshy, 

 drupaceous, 2 - 3-lobed, 2 - 3-celled. Low herbs, with naked stems, bearing at 



