190 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



7. SCLEROLEPIS, Cass. 



Heads many-flowered. Scales of the involucre linear, imbricated in two rows, 

 equal. Receptacle naked. Corolla 5-toothed. Achenia 5-angled. Scales of 

 the pappus 5, almost horny, oval. A smooth aquatic perennial herb, with 

 whorled linear leaves, and 1-3 heads of purple flowers, terminating the stem or 

 peduncle-like branches. 



1. S. verticillata, Cass. (Sparganophorus verticillatus, Miclix.) Shal- 

 low ponds, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. July. Stems ascending, 

 1 high. Leaves 5 - 6 in a whorl. Heads ' wide. 



8. CARPHEPHORUS, Cass. (LIATRIS, Ell] 



Heads many-flowered. Scales of the involucre imbricated in 3 - 5 rows, ovate 

 or lanceolate, appressed. Receptacle chaffy. Achenia 10-ribbed. Pappus of 

 numerous unequal bearded bristles. Erect perennial herbs. Leaves alternate. 

 Heads corymbed. Flowers purple. 



1. C. Pseudo-Liatris, Cass. Pubescent and somewhat hoary; stem 

 simple, rigid ; leaves linear, appressed, the lowest crowded, elongated ; corymb 

 small, dense, mostly simple ; pedicels bracted ; scales of the involucre lance- 

 olate, acute, hairy. Open grassy pine barrens, West Florida. September. 

 Stem 6'- 18' high. Heads rarely racemose. 



2. C. tomentOSUS, Torr. & Gray. Stem simple, tomentose; leaves 

 smooth or hairy, gland-pointed ; the lowest oblong or lanceolate, 3-ribbed, nar- 

 rowed into a long clasping petiole, the others numerous, small, oblong or oval, 

 sessile ; corymb loose-flowered ; scales of the involucre very tomentose, the outer 

 ones short, ovate, the inner oblong, acute. (L. Walteri, Ell.) Low pine bar- 

 rens, North and South Carolina. September. Stem 2 high. 



3. C. COrymboSUS, Torr. & Gray. Stem tall, hairy ; leaves smooth or 

 more or less hairy; the lowest cuneate-lanceolate, obtuse, 1- or obscurely 3- 

 ribbed; the others numerous, small, oblong, sessile; heads about 20, closely 

 corymbed ; scales of the involucre nearly smooth and equal, oval, very obtuse, 

 broadly margined. (L. tomentosa, Ell.) Margins of swamps, Florida to 

 North Carolina. September. Stem 2 - 4 high. 



4. C. bellidifolius, Torr. & Gray. Smooth ; leaves spatulate-lanceolate, 

 3-ribbed, obtuse ; heads few in a loose corymb ; scales of the involucre oblong, 

 obtuse, sparingly fringed on the margins; pappus slightly plumose. Dry 

 sand-hills, Wilmington, North Carolina. ' September. Stems several from 

 the same root, 12'- 18' high. Heads sometimes panicled. 







9. LIATBIS, Schreb. BTJTTON-SNAKEROOT. 



Heads few- or many-flowered, the flowers all similar and perfect. Scales of 

 the involucre imbricated. Receptacle naked. Corolla 5-lobed. Achenia nearly 

 terete, narrowed at the base, about 10-ribbed. Pappus of numerous plumose or 

 bearded bristles. Perennial herbs (rarely shrubby), with mostly tuberous roots 



