COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 209 



pubescent beneath ; racemes roundish or oblong, much shorter than tho leaves, 

 the upper ones more or less racemose; heads about 10-flowered ; rays 3 -4; 

 scales of the involucre smoothish, obtuse ; achenia silky-pubescent. ( S. flexi- 

 caulis, Ell.) Shady woods in the upper districts. September. Stem. l-2 

 high, often flexuous. Leaves 3' -5' long, 2' -3' wide. Racemes sometimes 

 longer than the leaves. 



6. S. cassia, L. Stem slender, often branching, smooth and glaucous ; 

 leaves smooth, lanceolate, acuminate, sessile, sharply serrate ; racemes all dis- 

 tinct, roundish, much shorter than the leaves ; the lowest rarely elongated ; 

 heads about 10-flowered; rays 3-4, large, bright yellow ; scales of the invo- 

 lucre smooth, obtuse ; achenia pubescent. Damp shady woods and banks, 

 Florida and northward. September. Stem 2 - 3 high, often purple. Leaves 

 3' -5' long, '- 1' wide. Racemes in all the upper axils. 



7. S. Curtisii, Ton*. & Gray. Smoothish ; stem tall, not glaucous, 

 straight and mostly simple, striate-angled ; leaves lanceolate or obovate'-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate at each end, sharply serrate above the middle, sessile ; racemes 

 dense, much shorter than the leaves ; heads 8 - 12-flowered ; rays 4 - 6 ; scales of 

 the involucre oblong-linear, obtuse ; achenia hoary-pubescent. Mountains of 

 North Carolina and Tennessee. September. Stem 2 - 3 high. Leaves 

 5' - 6' long. 



8. S. moriticola, Torr. & Gray. Smoothish ; stem terete, simple and 

 slender, puberulent above ; leaves very thin, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 slightly serrate ; the upper ones small and bract-like ; racemes sessile, the up- 

 permost approximate and nearly as long as the leaves; heads about 15-flow- 

 ered ; scales of the involucre linear, acute ; achenia smooth. Mountains of 

 North Carolina, Curtis. September. Leaves and flowers smaller than the last. 



9. S. lancifolia, Torr. & Gray. Smooth ; stem tall, simple, angled ; 

 leaves long-lanceolate, acuminate, finely serrate, sessile ; racemes approximate, 

 peduncled, somewhat compound ; the upper ones longer than the reduced leaves ; 

 heads nearly sessile ; scales of the involucre oblong, very obtuse, minutely gran- 

 ular ; achenia hairy. Mountains of North Carolina, September. Stem 

 3 high. Leaves 4' -5' long. Heads large. 



-t- - Racemes crowded in racemose or pyramidal terminal panicles, longer than the 

 leaves (except No. 15) : lowest leaves large, commonly tapering into a petiole, the 

 uppermost small, sessile and entire. 



10. S. bicolor, L. Pubescent; stem simple, or branching above; lowest 

 leaves spatulate-oblong, serrate ; the upper lanceolate ; panicle racemose, the 

 lowest racemes shorter than the leaves ; heads about 20-flowered ; rays 7-9, short, 

 whitish ; scales of the involucre obtuse. Dry soil in the upper districts, and 

 northward. September. Stem 1 - 2 high. Radical leaves 2' - 5' long. 



11. S. puberula, Nutt. Minutely pubescent ; stem simple, virgate ; low- 

 est leaves spatulate-oblong, serrate above the middle ; the upper lanceolate ; 

 panicle dense, racemose or pyramidal ; heads about 30-flowered; rays about 10; 

 scales of the involucre subulate ; achenia smoothish. (S. pubescens, Ell.) Dry 

 sandy soil, Mississippi, and northward. 



18* 



