230 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



7. H. rigidus, Desf. Stem leafy, stout, mostly simple, rough ; leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, slightly serrate or entire, thick and rigid, very rough on both 

 sides, narrowed into short connate petioles ; scales of the involucre ovate, acute, 

 appressed; chaff of the receptacle obtuse ; rays 20-25. (H. scaberrimus, Ell.) 

 Western districts of Georgia, Elliott, and westward. Sept. Stem l-3 

 high. Heads showy. 



* * * Perennial: disk yellow; heads large or middle-sized. 



8. H. Isetiflorus, Pers. Stem stout, rough, branching ; leaves oval-lance- 

 olate, acuminate, serrate, rigid, very rough on both sidgs, on short petioles ; the 

 uppermost often alternate ; heads solitary or corymbose, on naked peduncles ; 

 scales of the involucre ovate-lanceolate, acute, ciliate, appressed ; chaff of the 

 receptacle somewhat 3-toothed or entire ; rays 12-16, elongated. (H. tricuspis, 

 EIL, with the leaves all nearly entire ; chaff of the receptacle 3-toothcd.) Dry 

 soil, in the Western districts of Georgia, and westward. Sept. Stem 3 - 4 

 high. Leaves 5' - 8' long. Rays 1 ' long. 



9. H. OCCidentalis, Riddell, var. Dowellianus, Torr. & Gray. Nearly 

 smooth ; stem branched above ; leaves triple-nerved, rather thick, slightly den- 

 tate, on margined petioles, and with a short scattered pubescence ; the lowest 

 ones opposite, large, broadly ovate, subcordate, obtuse ; the upper alternate, ob- 

 long-ovate ; peduncles long and slender ; scales of the involucre lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, slightly ciliate, shorter than the disk, appressed ; rays 12 -15. Macon 

 County, North Carolina, Curtis. Aug. and Sept. Stem 4 - 5 high. Lower 

 leaves 7' - 8' long, 5' - 6' wide. Rays 1 ' long. 



10. H. mollis, Lam. Villous or tomentose and somewhat hoary ; stem 

 mostly simple ; leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, acute, slightly serrate, cordate and 

 clasping ; the upper ones often alternate ; heads few, on short peduncles ; scales 

 of the involucre lanceolate, acutp; chaff of the receptacle entire; rays 15-25. 

 (H. pubescens, EH.) Dry open woods in the upper districts of Georgia, and 

 westward. Sept. Stem 2 - 3 high. Leaves 2' - 3' long. Heads thick. 



11. H. giganteus, L. Stem hirsute, rough, branching above ; leaves 

 lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, nearly sessile, rough above, paler and rough-hairy 

 beneath, slightly 3-nerved at the base, all but the lowest ones alternate ; scales of 

 the involucre linear-lanceolate, spreading, hirsute j rays 15-20. Low ground 

 in the upper districts, and northward. Sept. Stem 3 - 10 high. Leaves 2' - 5' 

 long. Rays 1' long. 



12. H. tomentOSUS, Michx. Stem stout, hirsute, branching ; leaves all 

 alternate, or the lowest ones opposite, very rough above, tomentose beneath, 

 slightly serrate ; the lowest large (6' -12'), ovate, on short winged petioles; the 

 upper ones oblong ; heads large ; scales of the involucre numerous, lanceolate, 

 acuminate, villous, spreading; rays 15-20. (H. spathulatus, EIL, with the 

 leaves all opposite, scales of the involucre shorter.) Open woods, and mar- 

 gins of fields, Florida to North Carolina. Sept. Stem 4 - 8 high. Rays 

 !'-!' long. 



13. H. doronicoides, Lam. Stem tall, branched, smooth below, hirsute 

 above ; leaves opposite, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, rough 



