232 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



long-lanceolate, acute, entire or serrulate, obscurely 3-ribbed, nearly sessile ; 

 scales of the involucre ovate, acute, appressed with spreading tips ; rays 6-8. 

 North Carolina, Curtis. Stem 4 - 5 high. Heads twice as large as those 

 of No. 18. 



21. H. longifolius, Pursh. Very smooth throughout ; stem slender, 

 branching ; leaves mostly opposite, linear-lanceolate, sessile, entire ; the lowest 

 tapering into slender petioles and sparingly serrate ; heads few ; scales of the 

 involucre ovate-lanceolate, as long as the disk ; rays about 10. Damp rich soil 

 in the Western districts of Georgia, Elliott. Stem 3 -4 high. Leaves 6' - 

 8' long. Rays small. Resembles an aquatic Coreopsis. 



H. ANNUUS, the common SUNFLOWER, and H. TUBEROSUS, the JERUSALEM 

 ARTICHOKE, are commonly cultivated species. 



48. HELIANTHELLA, Torr. & Gray. 



Achenia 4-angled, compressed, slightly winged, crowned with a ciliate border, 

 or the angles prolonged into persistent, often lacerated, chaffy scales ; otherwise 

 like Helianthus. Slender perennial herbs, with narrow leaves, and showy 

 heads of yellow flowers. 



1. H. grandiflora, Torr. & Gray. Hirsute; stem simple; leaves alter- 

 nate or opposite, lanceolate-linear, entire ; scales of the involucre lanceolate, 

 appressed ; pappus of two obtuse lacerated scales. East Florida. Stem 3 - 

 4 high. Leaves l'-2' long. Rays nearly 2' long. 



2. H. tenuifolia, Torr. & Gray. Hirsute ; stem simple, or corymbose at 

 the summit ; leaves narrow-linear, entire, the lower ones opposite or whorled ; 

 the upper alternate ; scales of the involucre lanceolate-subulate, spreading ; 

 pappus of 2-4 acute awns. Dry sandy pine barrens. West Florida. June 

 and July. Stem 1 - 2 high. Rays 1 ' - 1 ' long. 



49. ACTINOMERIS, Nutt. 



Heads many-flowered ; the ray-flowers 4 - 14, neutral, or wanting. Scales of 

 the involucre in 1-3 rows, leafy. Receptacle convex or conical, chaffy; the 

 chaff embracing the outer edge of the laterally compressed obovate mostly 

 winged achenia. Pappus of two persistent awns (obsolete in No. 5). Peren- 

 nial herbs, with ovate or lanceolate serrate often decurrent leaves. Flowers yel- 

 low or white. 



* Stems tall, branching : pappus 2-aumed. 



1 . A. squarrosa, Nutt. Stem pubescent, winged above ; leaves alternate 

 or opposite, rough, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate at each end ; heads corymbose ; 

 scales of the involucre in 2 rows, linear-spatulate, spreading ; achenia broadly 

 obovate, winged ; awns of the pappus rigid, spreading ; rays 4-12, yellow. 

 River-banks, Florida to North Carolina. Sept. Stem 4 - 8 high. Lowest 

 leaves 1 long. 



2. A. alba, Torr. & Gray. Stem smooth, or pubescent and often slightly 

 winged above ; leaves alternate, rough, lanceolate ; heads loosely corymbose ; 



