DIFFERENT KINDS OF FRUIT. 147 



scaly, or bony pericarp. Compare hazel nut, beech 

 nut,* and acorn (Figs. 103^, p. 121 ; 114, p. 135). The 

 nut often changes greatly as it is formed from the ovary 

 into fruit. The hazel, for instance, has a bilocular 

 ovary, but one cell is barren, and so the fruit is 

 unilocular (one-celled) ; and it is generally one- 

 seeded.f 



Before passing on to succulent fruits we must notice 

 the schizocarp. Sometimes as a syncarpous (compound) 

 fruit ripens, the loculi develop so that each one is a 

 complete seed-box, and then they divide into separate 

 fruitlets. This kind of separating syn- 

 carpous fruit is called a schizocarp.\ 

 If the separated fruitlets are 

 only two in number, each is called 

 &mericarp% : as in the cow-parsnip 

 (Heracleum sphondylium) and 

 the other umbelliferae (Fig. 132). 

 Sometimes there are more than 

 two fruitlets, as in the common 

 Herb- Robert (Geranium Roberti- 



Fig 132. iMericarp of 

 Caraway (Caruw). amtm) (cf. Fig. 141). 



* In the pseudocarp of the beech (Fagus), the cupule or husk contain 

 ing the nuts is a bract-like involucre to the flowers, which has 

 remained as a cupule to their fruits, i.e., the nuts, each nut being the 

 fruit of a separate flower. fs 



f You should cut across the ovaries? of the hazel, beech, or oak, and 

 tiy with your magnifying glass to see the loculi or cells. The oak has 

 a trilocular (three celled) ovary, with two ovules in each cell ; but all 

 the cells and ovules come to nothing except one cell with one ovule, 

 which becomes the acorn. ^ * t * jf I $ ^ 



J From the Greek " schizo" I divide, or " meros" a part or share ; 

 and " karpos" fruit (cf. coccus, in Appendix C). 



