DIFFERENT KINDS OF FRUIT. 149 



(2) The berry has a thin epicarp or skin, but all the 

 rest of the pericarp is succulent, surrounding the 

 seed as the gooseberry, the currant, the grape, and 

 the cucumber. Berries are one or many seeded, and 

 one or many celled, and some have special names, 

 amongst which are the cucumbers and gourds.* 



Perhaps you prefer the date (Fig. 134) to the 

 cucumber or vegetable marrow. That, too, is a berry 

 a one-seeded berry for that which is commonly 

 called a date stone is not a stone with a kernel (i.e., a 

 hard endocarp enclosing the seed), like that of the 

 plum (a drupe), but it is the kernel or seed itself 

 enclosed by its soft pericarp, and a very hard and 

 stony seed it is. 



There are two other common but favourite fruits 

 which are allied to the berry the orange and the 

 lemon. In these fruits the pericarp is the well-known 

 " peel " with its pith-like inner layer. As the fruit 

 ripens the cells of the ovary become filled with the 

 sweet succulent pulp which we like to eat. You have 

 often peeled an orange, I expect, and separated and 

 eaten its juicy carpel bags. 



It is worth while to cut an orange in half trans- 

 versely, z>., cut the top part off, so as to see these 

 cells of the ovary containing the seeds. 



If you have an opportunity, and can get it without 

 tumbling into the water, the fruit of the yellow water 

 lily is well worth notice. Dr. Goebel has called it 



* Cf. Appendix C, Berry. 



