i6o 



FLOWER-LAND. 



that the dandelion plants may spread and grow from 

 year to year. 



You will find many other fruits and seeds which 

 have appendages that they may be wafted by the 

 wind. Either feathery hairs as in the 

 willow-herb, cotton grass, thistles and 

 other composite plants, clematis and 

 bulrush ; or a thin membrane, or wing, 

 as in the maple or sycamore (cf. Figs. 

 28 b t p. 33 J 139). 



Sometimes the seeds are scattered 

 by what Sir John Lubbock describes 



Fig. 139. Scale as " innocent artillery." That is, plants 



of fruit of Scotch 



out their seeds, sometimes 



rir, snowing two 



winged seeds. to a considerable distance, by the 



contraction or expansion of the seed 



case (cf. Fig. 140). There is a plant 



which grows in moist places in the 



north of England, called the yellow 



balsam. If you touch its fruit when 



it is ripe, the valves of the seed 



vessel will spring off and scatter the 



seeds to a considerable distance ; so Fig. ^140!* Fruit of 



the plant is called " Impatiens-noli- Pa . ns y Violet ( Y iola 



tricolor] ; B, ripe fruit ; 



me-tangere" i.e., " I am impatient (of k, calyx ; c, fruit after 



. 1X . dehiscence : p, placen- 



being touched), do not touch me. tse ; j, seeds. 



In the common Herb-Robert, each of the five fruitlets 

 has a long thin projection which reaches from the 



