2O8 FLOWER-LAND. 



have been learning about in " Flower-land," and so the 

 way in which they are reproduced is comparatively 

 " hidden." The flowering plants on the other hand , 

 are called Phanerogams or Phcznogams, because the 

 flowers and their parts producing seeds, from which 

 young plants grow up again, are plainly " seen."* 



But I must now tell you that some of the plants I 

 have spoken of as flowerless have flower-like organs, 

 only they do not produce seed. A seed, you remem- 

 ber, is a young plant, of course very tiny and not 

 developed, but still there root, stem, and leaves in 

 their beginnings and all enclosed in a skin or covering. 

 It is the production of seeds by which the plants of 

 this sub-kingdom, which we have called Phaenogams 

 or flowering plants, are really to be distinguished and 

 separated from the plants of that other sub-kingdom 

 which we have called Cryptogams. These plants, 

 therefore, which you have been learning about 

 are most accurately called seed-bearing plants 

 or Spermaphytes\ in distinction from all other plants 

 which do not bear seeds. They reproduce them- 

 selves by spores, about which you will learn hereafter. 



Now I want you particularly to notice one 

 or two things so that you may be able to 



* The words are taken from the Greek. Cryptogam, the manner of 

 production, " kruptos" i.e. hidden. Phanerogam, the manner of pro- 

 duction, " phaneros" i.e. visible. 



f From the Greek " sperma" a seed, and " phutos" " phuo, n to 

 bring forth, to produce. 



