APPENDIX. 225 



Hermaphrodite. Flowers which have both stamens (men, cf. 

 androus) and pistil (woman, cf. gynous) are called hermaphrodite. 

 From the Greek " hermaphrodites," an effeminate man, both man 

 and woman; from "Hermes" Mercury, and "Aphrodite," Venus. 

 A flower with only stamens or pistil, not both, is accordingly called 

 "unisexual" of one sex. Sometimes hermaphrodite flowers, as 

 well as stameniferous (p. 122), or pistiliferous (p. 122) flowers, are 

 found upon the same plant, such a plant is described as polygamous. 



Mono chlamydeous. When a flower has only calyx or corolla, it 

 is called monochlamydeous, from the Greek " monos" one, and 

 "chlamys," a cloak or mantle : it has only one cloak or garment. 

 When it has two garments, calyx and corolla, it is dichlamydeous, 

 from the Greek " dis" twice, double, and " chlamys" as above. 

 When it has neither calyx nor corolla, the flower is achlamydeous, 

 from the Greek "a," not, and " chlamys" as above: it has no 

 garment. 



MonomerOUS. In describing the ovary as to the number of carpels 

 of which it is made up, the Greek word " tneros" a share or part, 

 is used instead of carpel, with a Greek numeral placed before it to 

 denote the number of the carpels or parts of which the ovary is 

 made up. Thus "mono" (monos, one); "poly" (polus, many) ; 

 or more particularly, "di" (dis, duo, two); "tri" (tris, three); 

 " tetra " (tessares, four); " penta " (pente, five); and "merous" 

 (meros) ; monomerous, dimerous, etc. Thus, pistil syncarpous, 

 ovary pentamerous (5-carpelled). These words, monomerous, etc., 

 are used of other parts of a flower also. 



Nectary. The word has been generally used of the cavities or 

 places on various parts of plants, where the sweet fluid is found, 

 which is called nectar, or flower honey. The nectary is properly 

 the glandular (p. 82*) portion or substance from which the 

 nectar oozes (which secretes the nectar). See nectary scale at 

 base of petals of celandine, buttercup, or grass of parnassus, also 

 the glandular nectariferous expansions or swellings (disc) on floral 

 receptacle (as in Rhamnus). The various positions of the nectaries 

 in flowers are very interesting in connection with the visits of insects 

 and the work they do in pollination (p. 129). 



16 



