228 FLOWER-LAND. 



Multifid. Much divided; from the Latin " multus" much, a 

 "fid" (p. 95*)- 



Phyllode. In some plants the leaf stalk becomes widened and 

 flattened, so that it looks like a blade (p. 89). Such an expanded 

 petiole is called a. phylkde; from the Greek "phullon" a leaf, 

 and " eidos" form. 



Sometimes there is the Phyllode only, but sometimes the true 

 blade can be seen growing at the end of the Phyllode. 



Cladophyll. This is not a leaf, like the Phyllode, but a branch, 

 widened, flattened, and leaf-like. 



You can see an example of it in the Butcher's Broom (Ruscus 

 aculeatus). The small scale-like leaves, from the axils of which 

 the cladophylls grow, soon wither and fall off, so you should look 

 for them upon young stems. 



The word is derived from the Greek " klados" a young branch 

 or shoot, and " phullon? a leaf. 



The cladophyll is also called " cladode " (" klados " and " eidos ") 

 and " phylloclade " (" phullon" and "klados.") 



Oblique or IJnsymmetrical leaves are those of which the two 

 halves are not alike or equal ; as in the elm. 



APPENDIX C FRUITS. 



Caryopsis. This is the name given to the fruit of the grasses. It 

 is similiar to the achene (dry, indehiscent and one seeded), but the 

 pericarp is inseparable from the seed, which is not the case 

 in the achene. 



In some grasses, as in oats and barley, the paleae (p. 102) adhere 

 to the caryopsis. Derivation from the Greek " karuon" a nut, 

 and " opsis," appearance. 



