CHEMICAL BA8I8 OF Tin: ANIMAL 



the absence of :ill en/ynie, tin- preponderance of any one or more 

 of the products being dependent upon tin- cuncentralion of the 

 acids, tin- temperature at which they arc employed, and tin- dura- 

 lion i'i' their action. 1'roteids may al-o In- peptoni-ed by means 

 of water acting at high temperature- under considerable pi. 

 I'.y employing tin- above means for ellecting tin- decomposition of 

 proteids, the products (pTOteid) which may In- obtained, and which 

 been very exhau-tively dealt with and described 

 ;hne ami his pupils, are numerous It will hence conduce to 

 clearness in the subsequent description of each separate pmduct 

 if this is preceded l>y a short statement <f the views which have 

 from time to time been held as to the general digestive changes 

 which proteids may undergo. 



tir>t distinct experimental demonstration of the aohfont action 



of gastric juice was due tn Keaumur (17.~iL'). \\liicli wa> foil,, \\i-d at 

 intervals by those of Stevens (1777). Spallan/ani (17s.'o. and ! 

 niont ils.'Jl). The chemical nature of the product* ari-in^ fr..m the 



suliitinii \\a> ii't. hue\cr. docriiuMl until tin- year l.SKi l.y Miallic 

 under tin- name ->f ' alluininu>-; ' IM thex- tlie name i jK-ptun.- uas 

 >iil-e|iu-ntly ^iven l.y Lelmiann in 1S.">(>. and their nmst important, 

 properties fairly fully docrilied liy Mulder in IS^S. In this >aiiic 

 year < 'nrvisart first published his views as to the .-pecilic proteolytlO 

 powers of pancreatic juice, and tlie>e were tinally >he\\n to l,r c,,rre.-t 

 l.y Kiilme in 1SH7. I)in-in u r this latter period (18591862) M. i-m-r 

 ami lii> j.upil>Miad ].ul.lished the results of roearclies ,.n the products 

 which are formed during 



researches. When an alkali was added t> the tiltered 

 fluid resnltini; from the acid peptic digestion of any proteid, to an 

 amount just short of that required for exact neutralisation, a pre- 

 eipitate was dhtained which he named /,<'/ i<ti. In its gen- 

 eral reactions it resembled a< id-albumin or syntonin, but was 

 distinctively characterised by its incapability of ninlergning con- 

 ver>ion into a peptone by the further action of pep-in. !! ] -inted 

 out at the same time that it might be digested by an infu-imi >f 

 the pancreas Alter the n-mnval of the parapeptone h ..... < a-ion- 

 ally obtained a further precipitate by the addition of acid, to nut 

 more than -ii.". to -1 p. c.. (n tin- filtrate ; this -nb-tance I,,, named 

 nn fn/H i>tn,i,: lie further d.---rili-il a iv-idne insoluble in dilute 

 acids, but soluble in dilute alkalis, which made if 

 during the dk"-ti"n "f casein, and to which he gave the na: 



dyspepton* moral of the above |.roducts theie -till 



remained in snlntimi tbiee BabstanOM -ailed IVSJMM t i\ d\ 

 and '--peptone, and charactei i-rd as follows: 



; precipitated by -troirj nitric acid and bv 

 in Jin-sen, e ..f , id. 



1 /.t. /: ml. M,<1. !?.!.. MI S. I . MI v s I MI ^ "i 



:.-,,,,,.- la I.i'lilliaiin : 



