42 PROTEIDS. 



the prolonged action of very active trypsin in presence of a con- 

 siderable amount (5 p. c.) of sodium carbonate. The_peptone 

 thus produced is antipeptone. for it yields no ImjcJn or tyrosin 

 by the action of trypsin. 



It has been suggested above that Meissner's dyspeptone might have 

 consisted largely of nuclein, and this possibility becomes very great 

 in the light of the statements previously made as to the nature .t' 

 casein (sefc p. 20) and the fact that it was during the digestion of this 

 proteid that he obtained the so-called dyspeptone. Even as regards 

 the similar residue left during a peptic digestion of fibrin, it has been 

 stated that here also the dyspeptone is merely a residue (nucleins) 

 from the cellular elements which are ordinarily entangled in the 

 fibrin; in support of this it is stated that no dyspeptone is obtained 

 during the digestion of fibrin prepared from filtered plasma. 1 There 

 is_however now no doubt from Kuhne's researches that anti-albumjd 

 is a true proteid, not a mere undigested residue of nucleins. and that 

 its properties are generally such as Meissner described for his dys- 



The albumoses. Tb^e are the true primary products^ of the 

 action oj the proteolvtic enzymes on proteids; and give_rise~by the 

 further action of the ferments to the corresponding_peptones. In 

 accordance with Kiihne's views already stated there must of ne- 

 cessity be at least two albumoses, antialburnose the forerunner of 

 antipeptone, and hemialbumose of hemipeptone. 



Antialbumose. 2 This substance is ohtaiiifid as a neutralisation 

 precipitate at a_certaiu earlv sta^p of a fra pinnated peptic diges- 

 tion of proteids. limits ordinary chemical reactions it is indis- 

 tinguishable from acid-albumin or svntonin. It may be converted 



O __^ _ __ __^ _ *' *J 



into a peptone by the furtlier action of pepsin, and still more 

 readily by the action of trypsin, so that it does not make its ap- 

 gearance in the final products of either a prolonged peptic or a 

 short trvptic digestion. The peptone, into which it may be con- 

 verted by either pepsin or trypsin, is antipeptone, for it^cannot 

 be made to yield any trace of leucin or tyrosin by even the most 

 prolonged and energetic treatment with trypsin, and in this fact, 

 lies the distinction between antialbumose and either acid-albumin 

 or syntonin. During its peptonisation by trypsin some antialbu- 

 mid is simultaneously formed. Antialbumose differs from para- 

 peptone by the fact that the latter can only 1 3 peptonised by 

 trypsin, the former by either pepsin or trvpsjn. 



Hemialbumose? This is the best known, most characteristic 



1 Hammarsten, Pfliiger's Arch. Bd. xxx. (1883), S. 440. 



2 Kuhne n. Chittenden, Zt.f. Biol. xix. (1883), Sn. 170, 194. 



3 Schmidt-Miilheim. antea loc. cit. Salkowski, Yirchow's Arch. Bd. 81. (1880), 

 S. 552. Kuhne and Chittenden, loc. cit. and Zt.f. Biol. Bd. xx. (1884), S. 11. 

 Herth, Monatsheftef. Chem. Bd. v. (1884), S. 266. Straub (Dutch). See Maly's 



