CHEMICAL I'.ASIS OF Tin: AMMAL i;ui>v. in:; 



posed to tin- action of the digestive enzymes. 1 It is al>o poeai 

 nl powerful antiseptic properties. 2 



The ariils (.litaiiird ip.in tin- l.ile <.f dit'tWi-nt auiinaU differ slightly 

 in pn.pert ii-s ami c(.in|...>it imi. dependent ly. a> already -tati-d. up-m the 



dii't'ereiir.-> I iet \\een t In- >e\ i Tal forms of cholalic acid with which either 



the u'lyrin i.rtaurin U iv.-pei-' ively united. 



'/x. a 



The following is the mure usual method of obtaining the i 

 tion. Bile, which may l.e very considerably diluted, or a dilute solu- 

 tion of bile-salts or acids is mixed in ;i porcelain dish with a i'.-w 

 drops of a 10 p. 0. solution of cane-sugar. Concentrated sulphuric 

 acid is now added to the mixture with constant stirring to an ex- 

 tent not e \cefdini: r t of its volume, the addition of the acid l.ein^ 

 _ulated that the temj.erature of the mixture is not allowed 

 t<. ri-M- a!)Ove70C. Hereupon a brilliant cherry-red colour makes 

 its appearance and rapidly assumes a magnificent purple tint. < 'n 

 standing for >oine time the colour becomes darker J'.nd of a more 

 distinctly blue tint. The reaction may al-o be obtained by tin- 

 addition of first the acid and then the Mi-ar solution. The suc- 

 cess of the test depends on the careful avoidance of any excessive 

 \ temperature during the addition of the sulphuric acid and 

 more especially of an\ f siinar which by beinj,' charred by 



the acid MJves a brown colouration and masks the typical pinjlc. 4 

 The purple solution if diluted with alcohol (not \\ith water, which 

 lie colour) shows with a spectroscope a characteristic ab- 

 sorption spectrum consisting , ,f t\\,, ab-<n -].t imi bands, (me bel 

 hand K abutting on M. and a second adjoining the Kline. In the 

 earli' i -t' the reaction a third naimu band near I) mal. 



appearance but disappears later on. 6 



I'ettenl, M-ti.in depends upon the pn-eme in all bile- 



of their cholalic acid constituent. < n the first addition of 

 sulphuric acid, if the solution be at all concentrated, a whit 

 cipitate may often he ob-erved coii-i>tin^ of cholalic acid ; this j s 

 ill ..Ived .n the further addition of acid, after which the d 

 tlC colour makes its appearance. h has ;,].,, iv,eiit]\ 

 shown that the reaction depends upon the formation of fur- 



|',,| n (|sv). S. M 

 Hammanrtcn. I'tl m. (1870 



...li. :i.iil t.. ^olatiu and its |M-|ituin- * Kinirli. 



Vfalru Emich, i di See mlo Undberger (Swedlnh) See AbKr. in M 



./<iln. t:4. 



:.-r. .\nl. ,f. r/ ir ,,,. . /'/,.,. 15.1 MI 1-1 i s 

 4 '\' avniil tin- iim-n.U tin- i-ni|il<i\ir. 



Ula. i:il :ii-ii| to I i.f Wfl i I ( ul|.h: 



,1 I,, thil Ml ' : -..;nii..ii iimt IM- IM-:III-.| l.y 

 ininiiT<iiiii in iMiilini: 



(/,. f$,i i u Mann i: 



