54 



Maple-sugar and sirup. Glucose. 



Confectionery. Terra alba, poisonous coloring, mat tor, fusel-oil, arsenical wrappers. 



Coffee. Mixture or substitute of various cheaper substances. 



Canned fruits vegetables and meats. Metallic poisons. 



DRUGS. FORM OF ADULTERATION. 



Opium audits preparations, especially powdered opium, and tincture of opium. 

 Deficiency in the required strength of the morphia. 



Cinchona, quinine and its preparations, especially the citrate of iron and quinine. 



Quinine pills. Deficiency in weight. 



Compound spirits of ether. (Hoffman's anodyne). Absence of its most important 

 ingredient, the ethereal oil, or substitution therefor. 



Spirits of nitrous ether (sweet spirits of niter). Deficiency in ethyle nitrite. 



Salts of bismuth. Essence of arsenic. 



Tincture of iodine. Deficiency^ iodine. 



Iodide of potassium. Excess of chloride or other impurities. 



Bitartrate of potassium. Excess of lime or other impurities, and substitution of 

 starch and other ingredients, 



Jalap. Deficiency in required strength. 



Cochineal. Loaded with heavy foreign powders. 



Essential oils. Adulterated with turpentine. 



Pharmacopceial wines and Zigwors. Excess or deficiency in required strength of 

 alcohol and excess in solid residue, addition of water, alcohol, or sugar. 



Out of 288 samples examined by Dr. Davenport 132, or 45.8 per cent., were found 

 not to be of standard quality. 



The Brooklyn Board of Health published the result of sundry analyses 

 made in 1887, from which we quote the following : 



Six other articles were analyzed, but nothing was found wrong about them. 



From the report of the chemist of the American Society for Preven- 

 tion of Adulteration of Food we give the result of examinations made by 

 him and compared with similar work by a number of other chemists : 



From such examinations he made the following average of the per cent, of adulter- 

 ation of the more common articles of food and drugs: Olive-oil, 60 per cent. ; castor- 

 oil, 20 per cent. ; blue ointment, 61 per cent. ; tincture opium, 58 per cent. ; spices 

 and condiments, 66 per cent. ; candies, 33 per cent. ; sirups, 50 per cent. ; cream tar- 



