246 PRUNING. 



lower part of the rafter ; this effects a retardation 

 of the upper buds ; by the whole being in nearly 

 an equal temperature, each bud has a more equal share 

 of the vegetative impulse. When all are by these 

 means put in motion, the shoot is then put up in its 

 place. There is another device practised to cause all 

 the buds on a long shoot to burst at the same time, that 

 is, by bringing it down to a horizontal position till all 

 have begun to move ; which, when this is eifected, the 

 shoot is again put upright. This result, like the 

 foregoing, is attributable to the equal temperature in 

 which the shoot is placed, and to the unnatural posi- 

 tion of the shoot. 



Vines cultivated in pineries never have, in conse- 

 quence of the high temperature constantly main- 

 tained, that degree of hybernation, which, as natives 

 of the temperate zone, they require ; of course they 

 become exhausted by the continued excitement. To 

 obviate this, some pineries are so constructed, as to 

 admit of the vines being shut out of the house 

 during winter, and taken in again at the proper 

 season. 



When the vine is made to bear its fruit from short 

 shoots or spurs as they are called, the first shoots are 

 treated as has been described of long single shoots ; 

 only instead of this being entirely cut away to be 

 succeeded by a new one, it is left, and no successor is 

 trained up. Instead thereof, the short laterals that 

 have, or should have borne the fruit, are cut back to 

 two eyes, whence the shoots and fruit of next year 



