TRAINING. 



255 



Dwarfs and riders, the former to cover the lower, 

 and the latter the upper part of the wall, are com- 

 monly planted. Both are trained in the fan manner ; 

 but this form is not indispensable to peaches, necta- 

 rines, &c., any more than to other kinds of fruit 

 trees, for they may be led in any direction, and often 

 with manifest advantage. Low walls may be covered 

 by half riders, merely by training- one half of the 

 branches downwards, and the other upwards ; that is, 

 allowing the branches to diverge in all directions 

 from the top of the stem. 



For pear trees and the like, French gardeners adopt 

 the method called a buisson, i, e. like a bush. This 

 is formed by driving a row of stakes in a circle round, 

 and at about eighteen inches distance from the stem 

 of a young tree. The branches are brought to the 

 outside of the stakes, and trained spirally round them 

 in one direction, Fig. 60. 



Fig. 60. 



