IV. CONCLUSION. 



Clinical Applications of Immune Sera. In closing 

 this general resume of the subject it may be well 

 to mention some of the most important work 

 done in the application of these discoveries to clin- 

 ical purposes. Monaco and Panichi have shown 

 that in malaria the blood of the patients very early 

 shows the presence of iso-agglutinins, so that the 

 serum of these patients is able to agglutinate the 

 red cells of other persons. Grunbaum claims to 

 have proved the same for typhoid and scarlet fevers. 

 The most thorough work on this subject has been 

 done by Eisenberg, who after examining a large 

 number of cases of all kinds finds that iso-agglu- 

 tinins and isolysins may be developed in all dis- 

 eases in which there is destruuction of red blood-cells 

 or other cell material and a consequent absorption 

 of their products. According to the studies thus 

 far made we cannot, in man, ascribe any specific 

 diagnostic value to the occurrence of isolysins or 

 iso-agglutinins. Rather may they be regarded as 

 delicate indicators which show that there has been 

 destruction and absorption of living cell material 

 in those cases in which they appear. 



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